数据库|mysql教程
mysql
数据库-mysql教程
PPTPCentOS
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CentOS 5.4 pptp + freeradius2 +mysql +daloradius完美整合（图文并茂）
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A、安装相关配置包
1、安装httpd、mysql及php相关包[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel mysql mysql-server mysql-devel 2. [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php php-devel php-mysql php-common php-gd php-mbstring php-mcry 2、配置httpd服务：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# netstat -ant |grep 80 2. [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start 3. Starting httpd: [ OK ] 4. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 5. [root@localhost ~]# grep 80 /etc/sysconfig/iptables 6. -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT #增加此行 7. [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart 8. Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] 9. Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter nat[ OK ] 10. Unloading iptables modules:[ OK ] 11. Applying iptables firewall rules:[ OK ] 12. Loading additional iptables modules: ip_conntrack_netbios_n[ OK ] 13. [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd --list 14. httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off 15. [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd on #设置httpd自动启动 16. [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd --list 17. httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off 18. [root@localhost ~]# netstat -ant |grep 80 19. tcp 00 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3、启动mysql数据库：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start 2. Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables... 3. OK 4. Filling help tables... 5. OK 6. 7. To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy 8. support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system 9. 10. PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! 11. To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: 12. /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ew-password 13. /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password ew-password 14. 15. Alternatively you can run: 16. /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation 17. 18. See the manual for more instructions. 19. 20. You can start the MySQL daemon with: 21. cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe & 22. 23. You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl 24. cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl 25. 26. Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script! 27. 28. The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at 29. 30. Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at 31. [ OK ] 32. Starting mysqld: [ OK ] 4、设置数据库密码;[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u root password leekwen 5、安装Freeradius2相关包[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# yum install -y freeradius2 freeradius2-mysql freeradius2-utils 6、启动radius进程，调试模式：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# radiusd -X 2. FreeRADIUS Version 2.1.12, for host i386-redhat-linux-gnu, built on Jan 9 at 05:02:57 3. Copyright (C) 1999- The FreeRADIUS server project and contributors. 4. ... adding new socket proxy address * port 51738 5. Listening on authentication address * port 1812 6. Listening on accounting address * port 1813 7. Listening on command file /var/run/radiusd/radiusd.sock 8. Listening on authentication address 127.0.0.1 port 18120 as server inner-tunnel 9. Listening on proxy address * port 1814 10. Ready to process requests.
7、开启另外一个终端进行测试，如图：
8、如果结果与上图不同，请临时关闭防火墙后，临时关闭防火墙命令如下：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# iptables -F 重新运行测试命令：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# radtest steve testing localhost 1812 testing123 ############### ！！error ！！ ###############Failed binding to authentication address * port 1812: Address already in use/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf[240]: Error binding to port for 0.0.0.0 port 1812
请先用 lsof 命令查看，再用 killall -9 radiusd命令结束后，重新开启服务后，在进行测试！
B、下载ppp源码文件，集成ppp client:
1、下载源码：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# wget ftp:///pub/ppp/ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz 2. ---07-01 18:33:36-- ftp:///pub/ppp/ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz 3. => `ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz 4. Resolving ... 216.83.154.106, 2001:470:1f05:1a07::1 5. Connecting to |216.83.154.106|:21... connected. 6. Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in! 7. ==> SYST ... done. ==> PWD ... done. 8. ==> TYPE I ... done. ==> CWD /pub/ppp ... done. 9. ==> SIZE ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz ... 688763 10. ==> PASV ... done. ==> RETR ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz ... done. 11. Length: 688763 (673K) 12. 13. 100%[===========================================>] 688,763135K/s in 5.3s 14. 15. -07-01 18:33:45 (127 KB/s) - `ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz saved [688763] 2、解压并做相关配置[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# tar zxf ppp-2.4.4.tar.gz 2. [root@localhost ~]# cp -R ppp-2.4.4/pppd/plugins/radius/etc/ /etc/radiusclient 3. [root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/radiusclient/radiusclient.conf /etc/radiusclient/radiusclient.conf.bak 4. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/radiusclient/radiusclient.conf 5. 行号修改前的配置文件修改后的配置文件 6. 25 issue /usr/local/etc/radiusclient/issue修改为：issue /etc/radiusclient/issue 7. 46 servers/usr/local/etc/radiusclient/servers修改为：servers/etc/radiusclient/servers 8. 50 dictionary /usr/local/etc/radiusclient/dictionary 修改为：dictionary /etc/radiusclient/dictionary 9. 61 mapfile /usr/local/etc/radiusclient/port-id-map 修改为：mapfile /etc/radiusclient/port-id-map 说明：修改相关配置文件的路径，确保radiusclient.conf这个文件中radiusclient相关的路径都是“/etc/radiusclient”开头的.3、配置字典文件：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# ls -l /etc/radiusclient/dictionary* 2. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7656 Jul 1 18:34 /etc/radiusclient/dictionary 3. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12295 Jul 1 18:34 /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.ascend 4. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1395 Jul 1 18:34 /etc/radiusclient/pat 5. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 599 Jul 1 18:34 /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.merit 6. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2649 Jul 1 18:34 /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.microsoft 7. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/radiusclient/dictionary 8. 行号文件内容 9. 253 INCLUDE /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.microsoft 10. 254 INCLUDE /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.merit #增加此行 11. 255 INCLUDE /etc/radiusclient/dictionary.ascend #增加此行 12. 256 INCLUDE /etc/radiusclient/pat #增加此行
4、在pptpd服务中添加freeradius插件：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/ppp/options.pptpd 2. 行号文件内容 3. 128 # put plugins here 4. 129 # (putting them higher up may cause them to sent messages to the pty) 5. 130 plugin /usr/lib/pppd/2.4.4/radius.so #增加此行 6. 131 plugin /usr/lib/pppd/2.4.4/radattr.so #增加此行 7. 132 radius-config-file /etc/radiusclient/radiusclient.conf #增加此行 8. [root@localhost ~]# tail -n 3 /etc/ppp/options.pptpd 9. plugin /usr/lib/pppd/2.4.4/radius.so 10. plugin /usr/lib/pppd/2.4.4/radattr.so 11. radius-config-file /etc/radiusclient/radiusclient.conf
C、建立radius数据库及导入相应的数据库表：
可采用命令或使用Navicat for MySQL工具来完成：
1、radius中提供了mysql的导入文件：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/*.sql -l 2. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 661 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/admin.sql 3. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 452 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/cui.sql 4. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 761 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/ippool.sql 5. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 399 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/nas.sql 6. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 4318 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/schema.sql 7. -rw-r----- 1 root radiusd 407 Jan 9 02:04 /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/wimax.sql
2、这里采用了命令方式，首先建立radius数据库：
为了方便以后使用Navicat for MySQL工具管理Mysql数据库，所以做了权限等方便的修改：
3、具体操作可复制代码：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p 2. Enter password: 3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. 4. Your MySQL connection id is 4 5. Server version: 5.0.95 Source distribution 6. 7. Copyright (c) 2000, , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8. 9. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 10. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 11. owners. 12. 13. Type help; or /h for help. Type /c to clear the current input statement. 14. 15. mysql> show databases; 16. +--------------------+ 17. | Database | 18. +--------------------+ 19. | information_schema | 20. | mysql | 21. | test| 22. +--------------------+ 23. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 24. 25. mysql> CREATE DATABASE radius DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 26. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 27. 28. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO oot@\% IDENTIFIED BY leekwen WITH GRANT OPTION; 29. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 30. 31. mysql> flush PRIVILEGES; 32. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 33. 34. mysql> /q; 35. Bye 36. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/admin.sql 37. Enter password: 38. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/cui.sql 39. Enter password: 40. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/ippool.sql 41. Enter password: 42. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/nas.sql 43. Enter password: 44. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/schema.sql 45. Enter password: 46. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p radius < /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/wimax.sql 47. Enter password: 4、防火墙中关于数据库相关的设置：[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# grep 3306 /etc/sysconfig/iptables 2. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 3. [root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart 4. Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] 5. Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter nat[ OK ] 6. Unloading iptables modules:[ OK ] 7. Applying iptables firewall rules:[ OK ] 8. Loading additional iptables modules: ip_conntrack_netbios_n[ OK ] 9. [root@localhost ~]# grep 3306 /etc/sysconfig/iptables 10. -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
D、修改radius的相关配置文件：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/raddb/radiusd.conf /etc/raddb/radiusd.conf.bak 2. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/raddb/radiusd.conf 3. 行号 ｜修改后配置｜ 未修改的配置 4. 700 ｜ $INCLUDE sql.conf ｜ # $INCLUDE sql.conf <------去掉注释# 5. 712 ｜ $INCLUDE sql/mysql/counter.conf｜ # $INCLUDE sql/mysql/counter.conf <------去掉注释# 6. 7. [root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/raddb/sql.conf /etc/raddb/sql.conf.bak 8. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/raddb/sql.conf 9. 行号 ｜修改后配置 ｜未修改的配置 10. 38 ｜ login = "root" ｜ login = "radius" <------修改连接mysql的用户名 11. 39 ｜ password = "leekwen" ｜ password = "radpass"<------修改连接mysql的密码 12. 100 ｜ readclients = yes｜ #readclients = yes <------去掉注释#
说明：如果在运行radiusd -X 时会加载配置文件；
如果看到加载的配置文件时，出现下面的错误:
!!! Error !!!
Duplicate virtual server “inner-tunnel” in file /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel:11
and file /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel.bak:11
请将/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel.bak 与 /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default.bak全部删除，
这也是为什么下面在编辑前没有备份这两个文件的原因：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default 2. 行号 ｜ 修改后配置 ｜未修改的配置 3. 170 # files ｜files <------增加注释# 4. 177 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 5. 372 # files ｜files <------增加注释# 6. 406 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 7. 454 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 8. 475 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 9. 10. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel 11. 行号 ｜修改后配置｜ 未修改的配置 12. 124 # files｜ files <------增加注释# 13. 131 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 14. 255 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释# 15. 277 sql ｜ # sql <------去掉注释#
2、启动radiusd服务，并在数据库总插入测试账号，并查看测试结果！
3、测试通过后，修改默认密钥密码：
[plain] 1. [root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/raddb/clients.conf /etc/raddb/clients.conf.bak 2. [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/raddb/clients.conf 3. 4. 行号 ｜修改后配置 ｜ 未修改的配置 5. 101 secret= leekwen ｜ secret= testing123
4、重新启动相关服务后，进行数据库用户测试！
5、此测试通过后，进行客户端的拨号连接，并在服务端查看客户端的拨号日志：
6、到此，已经完成了pptpd + freeradius2 + mysql 三者之间的整合.
