在从源码编译开源库这条路上，怎么这么多坑给我踩？
这次是编译OpenCV。
简单总结
在 Windows10 系统下，使用 VS 编译链，在 Clion 编译 OpenCV 时，出现报错，报错的关键信息：
Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed
rc 系统找不到指定的文件。NMAKE : fatal error U1077
解决方案
指定 CMake 编译的目标平台/架构（platform/architecture），指定方式：
cmake -G "Visual Studio 16 " -A Win32cmake -G "Visual Studio 16 " -A x64cmake -G "Visual Studio 16 " -A ARMcmake -G "Visual Studio 16 " -A ARM64
痛苦回顾
来看看咱的报错信息
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.19043.1320](c) Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。C:\Workspace\CLion\opencv_next_test>cd buildC:\Workspace\CLion\opencv_next_test\build>"C:\Software\JetBrains\CLion .1.1\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_DEPENDS_USE_COMPILER=FALSE -G "CodeBlocks - NMake Makefiles" ../-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.29.30136.0-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.29.30136.0-- Detecting C compiler ABI info-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio//Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.29.30133/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio//Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.29.30133/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - brokenCMake Error at C:/Software/JetBrains/CLion .1.1/bin/cmake/win/share/cmake-3.20/Modules/CMakeTestCCompiler.cmake:66 (message):The C compiler"C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio//Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.29.30133/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe"is not able to compile a simple test program.It fails with the following output:Change Dir: C:/Workspace/CLion/opencv_next_test/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmpRun Build Command(s):nmake -f Makefile /nologo cmTC_f9517\fast && "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30133\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe" -f CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir\build.make /nologo -L CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir\buildBuilding C object CMakeFiles/cmTC_f9517.dir/testCCompiler.c.obj"C:\Software\JetBrains\CLion .1.1\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe" -E cmake_cl_compile_depends --dep-file=CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir\testCCompiler.c.obj.d --working-dir=C:\Workspace\CLion\opencv_next_test\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp --filter-prefix="" -- C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~2\\COMMUN~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1429~1.301\bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe @C:\Users\ruan\AppData\Local\Temp\nm6CB6.tmpLinking C executable cmTC_f9517.exe"C:\Software\JetBrains\CLion .1.1\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe" -E vs_link_exe --intdir=CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir --rc=rc --mt=CMAKE_MT-NOTFOUND --manifests -- C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~2\\COMMUN~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1429~1.301\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo @CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir\objects1.rsp @C:\Users\ruan\AppData\Local\Temp\nm6D92.tmpRC Pass 1: command "rc /fo CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir/manifest.res CMakeFiles\cmTC_f9517.dir/manifest.rc" failed (exit code 0) with the following output:系统找不到指定的文件。NMAKE : fatal error U1077: “"C:\Software\JetBrains\CLion .1.1\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe"”: 返回代码“0xffffffff”Stop.NMAKE : fatal error U1077: “"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.29.30133\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe"”: 返回代码“0x2”Stop.CMake will not be able to correctly generate this project.Call Stack (most recent call first):CMakeLists.txt:2 (project)-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!See also "C:/Workspace/CLion/opencv_next_test/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".See also "C:/Workspace/CLion/opencv_next_test/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".C:\Workspace\CLion\opencv_next_test\build>
关键是
Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed
和
rc 系统找不到指定的文件。NMAKE : fatal error U1077
根据jetbrains的说法，这不是他们的锅。
无论是在命令行还是在Clion里面都这样，但是好奇的是在Visual Studio 里面却没事？
然后，确实找不到rc
C:\Workspace\CLion\opencv_next_test\build>where rc.exe信息: 用提供的模式无法找到文件。
难道是VS里面有一些配置好的环境变量？
通过查找网上一堆rc和无法确定编译器的问题
Error: The C compiler is not able to compile a simple test program.
rc.exe no longer found in VS Command Prompt
Windows compilation error: Missing rc.exe
…
然鹅他们都不起作用，就算能找到rc，也会说找不到某些头文件。
停下来理一下思路，OpenCV编译失败，因为没有成功检测编译器的信息，原因是检测时找不到rc发生了中断。
那会不会是某些编译参数影响了呢？排查了一下，发现用下面这个参数编译就会出问题
cmake -G "CodeBlocks - NMake Makefiles" ../
好，VS用的应该是Visual Studio 16 ，那就改一下呗。
根据CMake的 文档，改成
cmake -G "Visual Studio 16 " ../
成功了~
补一张CLion设置CMake参数的图
在
CLion-->File-->Settings-->Build,Execution,Deployment-->CMake-->Release/Debug-->CMake options
添加
-G "Visual Studio 16 "
