ASP.NET Core快速入门（第6章：ASP.NET Core MVC）--学习笔记

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课程链接：/course/explore

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任务40：介绍

1.Individual authentication 模板

2.EF Core Migration

3.Identity MVC：UI

4.Identity MVC：EF + Identity实现

5.Identity MVC：注册逻辑实现

6.Identity MVC：登录逻辑实现

7.Identity MVC：ReturnUrl实现

8.Identity MVC：Model后端验证

9.Identity MVC：Model前端验证

10.Identity MVC：DbContextSeed初始化

任务41：Individual authentication 模板

dotnet new mvc --help

Options:

-au|--auth The type of authentication to use

None - No authentication

Individual - Individual authentication

IndividualB2C - Individual authentication with Azure AD B2C

SingleOrg - Organizational authentication for a single tenant

MultiOrg - Organizational authentication for multiple tenants

Windows- Windows authentication

Default: None

-uld|--use-local-db Whether to use LocalDB instead of SQLite. This option only applies if --auth Individual or --auth IndividualB2C is specified.

bool - Optional

Default: false / (*) true

解决VScode终端乱码

chcp 65001

dotnet new mvc -au Individual -uld --name IdentitySample

默认创建localdb，Identity

appsettings.json

"ConnectionStrings": {

"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-IdentitySample-40453418-3C8F-43D7-94F8-BD1BD20BDD96;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"

}

Startup.cs

services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>

options.UseSqlServer(

Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));

services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)

.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

初始化数据库，根据Data/Migrations文件夹下的数据库文件创建更新数据库

dotnet ef database update

报错：

无法执行，因为找不到指定的命令或文件。

可能的原因包括:

*你拼错了内置的 dotnet 命令。

*你打算执行 .NET Core 程序，但 dotnet-ef 不存在。

*你打算运行全局工具，但在路径上找不到名称前缀为 dotnet 的可执行文件。

在stackoverflow找到解决方法：

/questions/45091909/dotnet-ef-database-update-no-executable-found-matching-command-dotnet-ef?r=SearchResults

在csproj文件的ItemGroup中添加引用

<DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="2.0.0-preview2-final" />

dotnet restore

dotnet ef database update

dotnet run

访问https://localhost:5001

点击Register进入注册页面

输入邮箱密码登陆

登陆成功

点击邮箱进入Manage your account

通过SSMS连接localdb

dotnet run

获取实例管道名称

& 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\130\Tools\Binn\SqlLocalDB.exe' info mssqllocaldb

解决PowerShell中文乱码问题，勾选UTF-8

通过实例管道名称连接localdb

任务42：EF Core Migration

dotnet ef migrations add InitialCreat

dotnet ef database update

dotnet ef migrations remove

dotnet ef database update LastGoodMigration

dotnet ef migrations scrept

数据库新增

添加列之前

在Models文件夹下新增ApplicationUser.cs

using System;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace IdentitySample.Models

{

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser

{

public string NewColumn{get;set;}

}

}

dotnet ef migrations add AddNewColumn

自动生成文件

dotnet ef database update

执行成功后刷新数据库，可以看到数据库中多了一列NewColumn

在ApplicationUser.cs中新增Address

public string Address{get;set;}

dotnet ef migrations add AddAddress

dotnet ef database update

执行成功后刷新数据库，可以看到数据库中多了一列Address

数据库回滚

dotnet ef database update AddNewColumn

执行成功后刷新数据库，可以看到数据库中Address不见了

dotnet ef migrations remove

执行成功后移除AddAddress.cs以及AddAddress.Designer.cs文件

生成sql脚本命令

dotnet ef migrations script

拷贝出来后可在数据库执行

任务43：Identity MVC：UI

以MvcCookieAuthSample项目为基础，通过ef core以及Identity实现注册登陆UI整个过程

AccountController.cs新增Register，Login

public IActionResult Register()

{

return View();

}

public IActionResult Login()

{

return View();

}

public IActionResult MakeLogin()

在Views文件夹下新建Account文件夹，在Account文件夹下新增Register.cshtml以及Login.cshtml

Register.cshtml

@{

ViewData["Title"] = "Register";

}

@using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;

@model RegisterViewModel;

<h2>@ViewData["Title"]</h2>

<h3>@ViewData["Message"]</h3>

<p>Use this area to provide additional information.</p>

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-4">

<form id="registerForm" method="post" novalidate="novalidate">

<h4>Create a new account.</h4>

<hr>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword">Confirm password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>

<button id="registerSubmit" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Register</button>

<input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8HHmKd6uCEtOsAkKHNEfx50wHX7kOnWmAzVSUOOnXiiks-t4chi5eY9XThPYt70X-X6qtCV55TTEowbXbnCAW-91KSw1XVqXqBd48bMdGuVeGHFeZU61gw9jtNtAUDP7gCYnN9J_9d6o5w9sL12jw1E"></form>

</div>

<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">

<p>

<h4>Use another service to register.</h4>

<hr>

<div>

<p>

There are no external authentication services configured. See <a href="/fwlink/?LinkID=532715">this article</a>

for details on setting up this application to support logging in via external services.

</p>

</div>

</p>

</div>

</div>

Login.cshtml

@{

ViewData["Title"] = "Login";

}

@using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;

@model RegisterViewModel;

<div class="row">

<div class="col-md-4">

<p>

<form id="account" method="post" novalidate="novalidate">

<h4>Use a local account to log in.</h4>

<hr>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<button id="login-submit" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Log in</button>

</div>

<input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="CfDJ8HHmKd6uCEtOsAkKHNEfx514_36YMa9FLgbR-vliay5DWvu05X4yejzvlNz6ULPfevJg9b12mlIjiWYP9ifLswnUdt43dzUmlvJzsanhL7RHmQMDAwrKRRTJWtaHJ4qbHUNyldkz95mHRrvivNTez9I"><input name="Input.RememberMe" type="hidden" value="false"></form>

</p>

</div>

</div>

新建ViewModels文件夹，在ViewModels文件夹下新建RegisterViewModel.cs

RegisterViewModel.cs

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels

{

public class RegisterViewModel

{

public string Input_Email{get;set;}

public string Input_Password{get;set;}

public string Input_ConfirmPassword{get;set;}

}

}

在Views/Shared目录下的_Layout.cshtml中增加Register以及Login

<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">

<ul class="nav navbar-nav">

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">About</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">Contact</a></li>

</ul>

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register">Register</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login">Login</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

dotnet run

点击进入Register以及Login页面

任务44：Identity MVC：EF + Identity实现

在Models文件夹新增ApplicationUser.cs以及ApplicationUserRole.cs

ApplicationUser.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Models

{

// 默认主键GUID，可通过泛型修改

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser<int>

{

}

}

ApplicationUserRole.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Models

{

// 默认主键GUID，可通过泛型修改

public class ApplicationUserRole : IdentityRole<int>

{

}

}

新建Data文件夹，在Data文件夹下新建ApplicationDbContext.cs

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore;

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data

{

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser, ApplicationUserRole, int>

{

public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options) : base(options)

{

}

}

}

在appsettings.json中添加ConnectionStrings

{

"Logging": {

"LogLevel": {

"Default": "Warning"

}

},

"AllowedHosts": "*",

"ConnectionStrings": {

"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=aspnet-IdentitySample-81D77053-883E-44D8-A94D-195B9C54C2B6;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"

}

}

Startup.cs添加以下内容

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Data;

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)

{

// services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>

// {

//// This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.

//options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;

//options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;

// });

services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>

{

options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"));

});

services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationUserRole>()

.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()

.AddDefaultTokenProviders();

// Addmvc之前AddAuthentication，AddCookie

// services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)

// .AddCookie();

services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)

.AddCookie(options =>

{

options.LoginPath = "/Account/Login";

});

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>

{

options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;

options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;

options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;

});

//services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);

services.AddMvc();

}

AccountController.cs添加以下内容

using MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

//[Authorize]

public class AccountController : Controller

private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;

private SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager;

public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager, SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager)

{

_userManager = userManager;

_signInManager = signInManager;

}

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel)

{

var identityUser = new ApplicationUser

{

Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email

};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);

if (identityResult.Succeeded)

{

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

return View();

}

添加nuget包：Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools

VSCode报错：Versioning information could not be retrieved from the NuGet package repository. Please try again later.

使用Visual Studio添加nuget包

dotnet ef migrations add VSInit

dotnet ef database update

报错：There is already an object named 'AspNetRoles' in the database.

删除之前的数据库实例

dotnet ef migrations add VSInit

dotnet ef database update

主键为int

dotnet run

点击Register，成功跳回主页

在数据库中查看数据

任务45：Identity MVC：注册逻辑实现

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel)

{

var identityUser = new ApplicationUser

{

Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email

};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);

if (identityResult.Succeeded)

{

// 封装了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

return View();

}

启动项目，重新注册一个

看到Cookie，登陆成功

修改Views/Shared文件夹下的_Layout.cshtml

<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">

<ul class="nav navbar-nav">

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">About</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">Contact</a></li>

</ul>

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

@if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)

{

<li>Welcome, @User.Identity.Name, <a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Logout">Logout</a></li>

}

else

{

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register">Register</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login">Login</a></li>

}

</ul>

</div>

启动项目

任务46：Identity MVC：登录逻辑实现

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Login(RegisterViewModel loginViewModel)

{

var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);

if (user == null)

{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

public async Task<IActionResult> Logout()

{

await _signInManager.SignOutAsync();

return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

}

//public IActionResult Logout()

//{

// HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);

// return Ok();

//}

_Layout.cshtml

<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">

<ul class="nav navbar-nav">

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">About</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">Contact</a></li>

</ul>

@if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)

{

<form asp-action="Logout" asp-controller="Account" method="post">

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

<li><a title="Welcome" asp-controller="Admin" asp-action="Index"> @User.Identity.Name, </a></li>

<li><button type="submit" class="btn btn-link navbar-btn navbar-link">Log out</button></li>

</ul>

</form>

}

else

{

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register">Register</a></li>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login">Login</a></li>

</ul>

}

</div>

Views/Account文件夹中的Login.cshtml

<form id="account" method="post" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login" novalidate="novalidate">

启动项目

点击Log out，回到主页

点击Login

登陆成功

换另一个邮箱，登陆成功

任务47：Identity MVC：ReturnUrl实现

AccountController.cs

private IActionResult RedirectToLocal(string returnUrl)

{

if (Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl))

return Redirect(returnUrl);

return RedirectToAction(nameof(HomeController.Index), "Home");

}

public IActionResult Register(string returnUrl = null)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

return View();

}

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

var identityUser = new ApplicationUser

{

Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email

};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);

if (identityResult.Succeeded)

{

// 封装了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

return View();

}

public IActionResult Login(string returnUrl = null)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

return View();

}

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Login(RegisterViewModel loginViewModel, string returnUrl = null)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);

if (user == null)

{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties {IsPersistent = true});

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

Register.cshtml

<form id="registerForm" method="post" asp-route-returnUrl="@ViewData["ReturnUrl"]" novalidate="novalidate">

Login.cshtml

<form id="account" method="post" asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Login" asp-route-returnUrl="@ViewData["ReturnUrl"]" novalidate="novalidate">

启动项目，访问：https://localhost:44387/admin

点击Log out，再次访问：https://localhost:44387/admin，跳转到登陆界面

登陆之后直接到admin页面

任务48：Identity MVC：Model后端验证

RegisterViewModel.cs

using ponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels

{

public class RegisterViewModel

{

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]

public string Input_Email{get;set;}

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

public string Input_Password{get;set;}

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

public string Input_ConfirmPassword{get;set;}

}

}

在ViewModels文件夹下新增LoginViewModel.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using ponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels

{

public class LoginViewModel

{

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]

public string Input_Email { get; set; }

[Required]

[DataType(DataType.Password)]

public string Input_Password { get; set; }

}

}

AccountController.cs第一个参数类型由RegisterViewModel修改为LoginViewModel

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel loginViewModel, string returnUrl = null)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(loginViewModel.Input_Email);

if (user == null)

{

}

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

return View();

}

Login.cshtml

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

<span asp-validation-for="Input_Email" class="text-danger"></span>

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

<span asp-validation-for="Input_Password" class="text-danger"></span>

</div>

启动项目，不输入邮箱密码直接点击登陆

Register.cshtml

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Email">Email</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Email" class="form-control" type="email">

<span asp-validation-for="Input_Email" class="text-danger"></span>

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_Password">Password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_Password" class="form-control" type="password">

<span asp-validation-for="Input_Password" class="text-danger"></span>

</div>

<div class="form-group">

<label asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword">Confirm password</label>

<input asp-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="form-control" type="password">

<span asp-validation-for="Input_ConfirmPassword" class="text-danger"></span>

</div>

AccountController.cs

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

var identityUser = new ApplicationUser

{

Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email

};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);

if (identityResult.Succeeded)

{

// 封装了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

}

return View();

}

启动项目，直接点击注册

Startup.cs

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>

{

options.Password.RequireLowercase = true;

options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = true;

options.Password.RequireUppercase = true;

options.Password.RequiredLength = 12;

});

Register.cshtml添加text-danger

<h4>Create a new account.</h4>

<hr>

<div class="text-danger" asp-validation-summary="All"></div>

AccountController.cs

private void AddErrors(IdentityResult result)

{

foreach (var error in result.Errors)

{

ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);

}

}

[HttpPost]

public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel registerViewModel, string returnUrl = null)

{

if (ModelState.IsValid)

{

ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;

var identityUser = new ApplicationUser

{

Email = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

UserName = registerViewModel.Input_Email,

NormalizedEmail = registerViewModel.Input_Email

};

var identityResult = await _userManager.CreateAsync(identityUser, registerViewModel.Input_Password);

if (identityResult.Succeeded)

{

// 封装了下面MakeLogin()方法中的HttpContext.SignInAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,new ClaimsPrincipal(claimIdentity));

await _signInManager.SignInAsync(identityUser, new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true });

//return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");

return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);

}

else

{

AddErrors(identityResult);

}

}

return View();

}

启动项目，随便输入密码123

点击注册

任务49：Identity MVC：Model前端验证

将Shared文件夹中的_ValidationScriptsPartial.cshtml的jquery.validate组件添加到Login.cshtml最下面以及Register.cshtml最下面

@p Scripts

{

@await Html.PartialAsync("_ValidationScriptsPartial")

}

启动项目，直接点击登陆，注册，不会产生网络请求

任务50：Identity MVC：DbContextSeed初始化

启动的时候判断是否第一次执行，如果第一次执行则添加一个记录，比如用户账号第一次进来为管理员

在Data文件夹新增ApplicationDbContextSeed.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Models;

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data

{

public class ApplicationDbContextSeed

{

private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager;

public async Task SeedSync(ApplicationDbContext context, IServiceProvider services)

{

if (!context.Users.Any())

{

_userManager = services.GetRequiredService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();

var defaultUser = new ApplicationUser

{

UserName = "Administrator",

Email = "mingsonzheng003@",

NormalizedUserName = "admin"

};

var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(defaultUser, "Password$123");

if (!result.Succeeded)

throw new Exception("初始默认用户失败");

}

}

}

}

在Data文件夹新增扩展方法调用ApplicationDbContextSeed

WebHostMigrationExtensions.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample.Data

{

public static class WebHostMigrationExtensions

{

public static IWebHost MigrateDbContext<TContext>(this IWebHost host, Action<TContext, IServiceProvider> sedder)

where TContext : DbContext

{

using (var scope = host.Services.CreateScope())

{

var services = scope.ServiceProvider;

var logger = services.GetRequiredService<ILogger<TContext>>();

var context = services.GetService<TContext>();

try

{

context.Database.Migrate();

sedder(context, services);

logger.LogInformation($"执行DBContext { typeof(TContext).Name } seed执行成功");

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

logger.LogInformation($"执行DBContext { typeof(TContext).Name } seed执行失败");

}

}

return host;

}

}

}

Program.cs

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.IO;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

using MvcCookieAuthSample.Data;

namespace MvcCookieAuthSample

{

public class Program

{

public static void Main(string[] args)

{

CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build()

.MigrateDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>((context, services) =>

{

new ApplicationDbContextSeed().SeedSync(context, services)

.Wait();

})

.Run();

}

public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>

WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)

.UseStartup<Startup>();

}

}

删除数据库

控制台方式启动项目，先进行数据库初始化，再启动WebHost

数据库自动插入数据

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