一、前言 nginx进程基于于Master+Slave(worker)多进程模型，自 身具有非常稳定的子进程管理功能。在Master进程分配模式下，Master进程永远不进行业务处理，只是进行任务分发，从而达到Master进程的存 活高可靠性，Slave(worker)进程所有的业务信号都 由主进程发出，Slave(worker)进程所有的超时任务都会被Master中止，属于非阻塞式任务模型。 Keepalived是Linux下面实现VRRP 备份路由的高可靠性运行件。基于Keepalived设计的服务模式能够真正做到主服务器和备份服务器故障时IP瞬间无缝交接。二者结合，可以构架出比较稳定的软件lb方案。 二、nginx+keepalived架构实战 采用两台服务器做nginx主备，后端采用两个realserver（可以随意扩展），数据库采用mysql主从（这里就不说主从的配置了！） 1、架构图如下： 2、安装配置 （1）、安装keepalived（在nginx的mater和backup都安装） wget /software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.1.19
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make
make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cd /etc/keepalived/ 配置nginx master的keepalived配置文件 [root@zhang1 keepalived]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf bal_defs { notification_email {jimo291@ } notification_email_from jimo291@ smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id test1 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 smtp_alert authentication {auth_type PASS auth_pass 123 } virtual_ipaddress {192.168.1.100 } } 配置nginx backup的keepalived配置文件 [root@zhang1 keepalived]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf bal_defs { notification_email {jimo291@ } notification_email_from jimo291@ smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id test2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP
interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 priority 80
advert_int 1 smtp_alert authentication {auth_type PASS auth_pass 123 } virtual_ipaddress {192.168.1.100 } } 启动keepalived！，查看虚拟IP是否绑定！ [root@zhang1 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start Starting keepalived: [OK] [root@zhang1 ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:65:b4:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.108/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0 inet 192.168.1.100/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe65:b4ed/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:65:b4:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 红色部分显示IP已经加载过来了！ 3、nginx的安装和配置 1、创建供Nginx使用的组和帐号：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www -g 48
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 48 -g www www 2、编译安装rewrite模块支持包
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.7.tar.gz
tar zxvf pcre-7.7.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.7/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../ 3、编译安装Nginx
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.64.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-0.7.64.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.64/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_flv_module
make && make install
cd ../ 4、备份默认nginx.conf配置文件
mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.old 5、配置nginx(两个nginx配置一样！) [root@linux4 keepalived]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf userwww www; worker_processes 8; pid/var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; events { use epoll; worker_connections 5120; } http { include mime.types; default_typeapplication/octet-stream; charsetgb2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_min_length1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; upstream srtweb {server192.168.1.105:80; server192.168.1.103:80; } server {listen 80; server_name ; location /{proxy_pass http://srtweb; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } } 4、测试 首先单独对nginx测试看是否工作正常，（更改hosts文件来测试！） 其次对keepalived进行测试，停掉nginx master上的keepalived，看backup服务器是否接管！
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