matplotlib绘制图形的思维导图
绘制折线图
from matplotlib import pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib import font_managery_1 = [1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]y_2 = [1,0,3,1,2,2,3,3,2,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]x = range(11,31)#设置图形大小plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)#一个图中绘制多条折线plt.plot(x,y_1,label="同桌",color="r",linestyle="--")#label添加图例plt.plot(x,y_2,label="自己",color="cyan",linestyle="-.")#Windows和Linux设置中文# font = {'family' : 'MicroSoft YaHei',# 'weight' : 'bold',# 'size' : 15}# matplotlib.rc("font",**font)#matplotlib.rc("font",family='MicroSoft YaHei',weight='bold')#另一种设置中文的方法my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf")#设置x轴刻度_xtick_labels = ["{}岁".format(i) for i in x]plt.xticks(x,_xtick_labels,FontProperties = my_font,rotation=45)#rotation旋转的度数plt.yticks(range(0,9,2))#添加图形描述plt.title("恋爱交友统计",FontProperties = my_font)#绘制网格plt.grid(alpha=0.4,linestyle="-.")#alpha设置网格透明度#添加图例plt.legend(prop=my_font,loc="upper left")#保存plt.savefig("./t2.png")#展示plt.show()
运行效果
绘制散点图
from matplotlib import pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib import font_manager#设置中文my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf")y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]x_3 = range(1,32)x_10 = range(51,82)#设置图形大小plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)#plt.plot(x_3,y_3)#一个图形绘制多个图plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label="3月份")plt.scatter(x_10,y_10,label="10月份")#调整x轴的刻度_x = list(x_3)+list(x_10)_xtick_labels = ["3月{}日".format(i) for i in x_3]_xtick_labels += ["10月{}日".format(i-50) for i in x_10]plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xtick_labels[::3],fontproperties = my_font,rotation=45)#添加图例plt.legend(loc="upper left",prop=my_font)#添加描述信息plt.xlabel("时间",fontproperties = my_font)plt.ylabel("温度",fontproperties = my_font)plt.title("标题",fontproperties = my_font)#展示plt.show()
运行效果
绘制条形图
from matplotlib import pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib import font_manager#设置中文显示my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf")a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]b_14 =[2358,399,2358,362]bar_width = 0.2x_14 = list(range(len(a)))x_15 = [i+bar_width for i in x_14]x_16 = [i+bar_width*2 for i in x_14]#设置图形大小plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)#设置x轴刻度plt.xticks(x_15,a,FontProperties=my_font)#一个图形设置多个条形图plt.bar(range(len(a)),b_14,width=bar_width,label="9月14日")plt.bar(x_15,b_15,width=bar_width,label="9月15日")plt.bar(x_16,b_16,width=bar_width,label="9月16日")#设置图例plt.legend(prop=my_font)#展示plt.show()
运行效果
绘制直方图
from matplotlib import pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib import font_managera = [131,98,125,131,124,139,131,117,128,108,135,138,131,102,107,114,119,128,121,142,127,130,124,101,110,116,117,110,128,128,115,99,136,126,134,95,138,117,111,78,132,124,113,150,137,110,117,86,95,144,105,126,130,126,130,126,116,123,106,112,138,123,86,101,99,136,123,119,105,137,123,128,125,104,109,134,125,127,105,120,107,129,116,108,132,103,136,118,102,120,114,105,115,136,118,139,123,112,118,125,109,134,109,104,125,109,126,118,112,121,119,145,132,115,105,107,123,103,110,83,140,119,139,139,144,127,117,106,156,134,132,119,133,112,114,122,109,106,123,116,131,127,115,118,112,135,115,146,137,116,103,144,83,123,111,110,111,100,154,136,100,118,119,133,134,106,129,126,110,111,109,141,120,117,106,149,122,122,110,118,127,121,114,125,126,114,140,103,130,141,117,106,114,121,114,133,137,92,121,112,146,97,137,105,98,117,112,81,97,138,113,134,106,144,110,137,137,110,137,111,104,117,100,111,101,105,129,137,112,120,113,112,83,94,146,133,101,131,116,111,84,137,115,122,106,144,109,123,116,111,111,133,150]#设置图片大小plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)#计算组数d = 3 #组距num_bins = (max(a)-min(a))//dprint(max(a),min(a),num_bins)#绘制直方图plt.hist(a,num_bins,normed=True)#normed=1或true:占比#设置x轴的刻度plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))#设置网格plt.grid()#展示plt.show()
