在C#交流群里，看到很多小伙伴在excel数据导入导出到C#界面上存在疑惑，所以今天专门做了这个主题，希望大家有所收获！
环境：win10+vs
界面：主要以演示为主，所以没有做优化，然后主界面上添加两个按钮，分别命名为ExportExcel和ImportExcel，添加两个dataGridView，分别是dataGridView1和dataGridView2
然后在窗体加载程序中给dataGridView1写入三行数据，代码如下：
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("Name");
dt.Columns.Add("Age");
dt.Rows.Add("小王","15");
dt.Rows.Add("老李","42");
dt.Rows.Add("老张","25");
dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
软件运行后，点击ExportExcel，则将datagridview1的数据保存到excel中，点击ImportExcel，选择excel后读取数据到datagridview2.
注意：如果报System.InvalidOperationException:“未在本地计算机上注册“Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0”提供程序。”请检查office是否正确安装
具体步骤：
step1：引用dll，在nuget上安装Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
step2:code
主要由三个方法：
public void ExportExcel() 实现数据导出到excel
public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1）实现读取excel数据
public void ExportCSV() 数据导出到csv
其次
保存选项对话框string fileName = "";string saveFileName = "";SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog();saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xlsx";saveDialog.InitialDirectory = @"C:\BMDT";saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xlsx";// saveDialog.FileName = fileName;saveDialog.FileName = "BMDT_Data_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString().ToString();saveDialog.ShowDialog();saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0){this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;return; //被点了取消}
完整代码如下：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using ponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.IO;using System.Data.SqlClient;using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;using System.Reflection;using System.Xml;using System.Data.OleDb;namespace excelReadWriter{public partial class Form1 : Form{public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}#region /* 数据导出到excel */public void ExportExcel(){try{this.Cursor = Cursors.WaitCursor;if (!Directory.Exists(@"C:\BMDT"))Directory.CreateDirectory(@"C:\BMDT");string fileName = "";string saveFileName = "";SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog();saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xlsx";saveDialog.InitialDirectory = @"C:\BMDT";saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xlsx";// saveDialog.FileName = fileName;saveDialog.FileName = "BMDT_Data_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString().ToString();saveDialog.ShowDialog();saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0){this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;return; //被点了取消}Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();if (xlApp == null){MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象，您的电脑可能未安装Excel");return;}Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[4, 1], worksheet.Cells[8, 1]];//写入标题 for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++){ worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText; }//写入数值for (int r = 0; r < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; r++){for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++){worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Value;if (this.dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Style.BackColor == Color.Red){range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1]];range.Interior.ColorIndex = 10;}}System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();}worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应MessageBox.Show(fileName + "资料保存成功", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);if (saveFileName != ""){try{workbook.Saved = true;workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName); //fileSaved = true; }catch (Exception ex){//fileSaved = false; MessageBox.Show("导出文件时出错,文件可能正被打开！\n" + ex.Message);}}xlApp.Quit();GC.Collect();//强行销毁 this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;}catch(Exception e){this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());}}#endregion#region /* ImportExcel(int t) */public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1){//打开文件string sql_select = string.Empty;OpenFileDialog file = new OpenFileDialog();file.Filter = "Excel(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|Excel(*.xls)|*.xls|(*.csv)|*.csv";file.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);file.Multiselect = false;if (file.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.Cancel)return null;//判断文件后缀var path = file.FileName;string fileSuffix = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(path);if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileSuffix))return null;using (DataSet ds = new DataSet()){//判断Excel文件是版本还是版本string connString = "";if (fileSuffix == ".xls")connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";elseconnString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";//读取文件if (t == 1)sql_select = " SELECT ID,CREATETIME,REASONCODE1,PROCESSID FROM [Sheet1$] ";else if (t == 2)sql_select = " SELECT PANELID,EVENTTIME,DESCRIPTION,PROCESSID FROM [Grid$] ";else if (t == 3)sql_select = " SELECT Operation,Lot_ID,EQP_ID,Event_Time FROM [报表1$] ";using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString))using (OleDbDataAdapter cmd = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql_select, conn)){conn.Open();cmd.Fill(ds);}if (ds == null || ds.Tables.Count <= 0) return null;return ds;}}#endregionprivate void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){ExportExcel();}private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){DataTable dt = new DataTable();dt.Columns.Add("Name");dt.Columns.Add("Age");dt.Rows.Add("小王","15");dt.Rows.Add("老李","42");dt.Rows.Add("老张","25");dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){DataSet ds = new DataSet();ds = ImportExcel();dataGridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];// ExportCSV();}#region /* 数据导出到CSV */public void ExportCSV(){if (dataGridView1.Rows.Count == 0){MessageBox.Show("没有数据可导出!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);return;}SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();saveFileDialog.Filter = "CSV files (*.csv)|*.csv";saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 0;saveFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;saveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = true;saveFileDialog.FileName = null;saveFileDialog.Title = "保存";if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){Stream stream = saveFileDialog.OpenFile();StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));string strLine = "";try{for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++){if (i > 0)strLine += ",";strLine += dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;}strLine.Remove(strLine.Length - 1);sw.WriteLine(strLine);strLine = "";//表的内容for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; j++){strLine = "";int colCount = dataGridView1.Columns.Count;for (int k = 0; k < colCount; k++){if (k > 0 && k < colCount)strLine += ",";if (dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)strLine += "";else{string cell = dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();//防止里面含有特殊符号cell = cell.Replace("\"", "\"\"");cell = "\"" + cell + "\"";strLine += cell;}}sw.WriteLine(strLine);}sw.Close();stream.Close();MessageBox.Show("数据被导出到：" + saveFileDialog.FileName.ToString(), "导出完毕", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}catch (Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "导出错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}}}#endregion}}
运行效果：
如果你想把数据导入csv文件，则可以用以下方法：
#region /* 数据导出到CSV */public void ExportCSV(){if (dataGridView1.Rows.Count == 0){MessageBox.Show("没有数据可导出!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);return;}SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();saveFileDialog.Filter = "CSV files (*.csv)|*.csv";saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 0;saveFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;saveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = true;saveFileDialog.FileName = null;saveFileDialog.Title = "保存";if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){Stream stream = saveFileDialog.OpenFile();StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));string strLine = "";try{for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++){if (i > 0)strLine += ",";strLine += dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;}strLine.Remove(strLine.Length - 1);sw.WriteLine(strLine);strLine = "";//表的内容for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; j++){strLine = "";int colCount = dataGridView1.Columns.Count;for (int k = 0; k < colCount; k++){if (k > 0 && k < colCount)strLine += ",";if (dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)strLine += "";else{string cell = dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();//防止里面含有特殊符号cell = cell.Replace("\"", "\"\"");cell = "\"" + cell + "\"";strLine += cell;}}sw.WriteLine(strLine);}sw.Close();stream.Close();MessageBox.Show("数据被导出到：" + saveFileDialog.FileName.ToString(), "导出完毕", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}catch (Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "导出错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}}}#endregion
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