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背景

5月15日，中国国家航天局宣布，通过回传遥测数据显示，中国首次自主火星探测任务着陆器成功着陆火星。5月19日，国家航天局发布我国首次火星探测天问一号任务探测器着陆过程两器分离和着陆后火星车拍摄的影像。图像中，着陆平台和“祝融号”火星车的驶离坡道、太阳翼、天线等机构展开正常到位。

中国用一次任务，完成了对火星的环绕探测和着陆探测，火星上终于留下了中国人的足迹。

汇报PPT正文

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汇报发言稿

good afternoon everyone!

today i am very glad to tell you something about chinese first Mars explore mission!

on the may 15th,chinese goverment reported that it has sucessfully landed first mars rover.

on that day updated the article ,the tille is .it said that the landing of zhurong was the biggest test yet of china’s deep-space exploration capabilities.

today i will show you more details about zhurong .this is my outline.firt i will introduce you three difference mars landing method.

and then by watching an 100 seconds vedio, we will review the process of zhurong landing on mars.

next i will focus on the specific technology used on the zhurong.

finally i will inform you the future plan of zhurong and chinese spaceflight mission.

first of all ,let us look a episode,before tianwen lanching ,China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation had show a picture,that was abbreviation of this mission TW-1.But somebody in taiwan said it means taiwan number 1, after that we change the pose into this .so there is no ambiguity.

ok next ,i will introduce there different landing method ,the first is airbag bounce.which was used on the opportunity rover,launched on the july 7th ,and landed on the january 25 .it used airbag to surrounded the rover ,just let the airbag bounce to slow the speed, after it stoped bunce, the air in the airbag began to leakage,unfolded the airbag ,then the rover fully landed.

the second method is aerial crane used on the preseverance rover,launched on the july 30 ,and landed on the february 19 .its process just like this picture shows.

the third method is the soft landing ,it uses counter-drive deceleration plus lander support techenology. this techenology was used in the most of the rover.

next i will show you a vedio to review the process of zhurong landing on mars.

the second part i will introduce some specific techenology used on the zhurong.

fisrt is power,

next is the multiple rescue options ,when zhurong encounter the trobule ,what actions will he take to rescue himself.

finally is the communication problem.

as we all konw ,power is the important part on every eletronic device,there are four solar panels ,this design idea comes from the butterfly ,when it unfolded ,it just like a butterfly.But it always happens sandstorms on mars,this is the biggest problem for the landed rover,so it is important for the solar panels to do

some special treatment.the surface of the solar panels was Coated with a special material,this material can effectively prevent dusty,it just like the lotus leaf,can reduce adhesion between the material and dusty.

this feature makes it possible for the gravity dusty removal.Solar panels on the side it has Motor,it can be flip up.it can remove dusty by gravity,when there are accumulate a considerable thickness of dusty.what’s more ,it aslo follow the sun to improve efficiency, if the power is low ,it is not always working.

ok when there are a large stone in front of the rover ,what will zhurong do ?

zhurong has six wheels ,and each wheel can turn independengtly .this feature makes it possible for the rover to walk sideways and turn in place.

there are two pictures showing how the rover walk siddeways and turning in place.

another method is the rover and the wheel can be lifted.

there are four states ,different state relate to different distance

this picture shows the model machine which was Used for experiments on the ground.

when the rover is trapped in the sand ,the wheels can be lifted ,so the sand can be Backfilled. this feature can help the rover rescue from trapping.

when the rover encounter the stone ,the wheel can aslo be lifted to climb the stone.But i think this feature unnecessary.why not just walk sideways to go across the stone, because climbing consumes more power!

what’s more the sand in the earth is different with the mars,so i think the results of experiments Can’t fully reflect the real situation.But we must admit that this techenology is advanced,whether to use depends on the real situation.

another techenology is communication.why there are no pictures after zhurong landed on mars?zhurong was landed on may fifteen but untill yesterday we had reported two pictures.Maybe you have already see this two pictures,i will aslo show it next.before the picture foreign scientists who don’t believe that zhurong has landed on mars or has sucessfully landed on mars.

why did it take a few days for zhurong to transmitt a picture. if the zhurong directly communicates with the earth ,because the long distance and bad channel environment ,the signal fades quickly,the actual transmission rate is only 16bps,bps means bit per second,if the rover wants to transmits an 1 MB pictures ,it needs almost six days.so it is not suitable for the rover directly communicates with the earth.

don’t forget we have a orbiter.after separating from the lander,it continues to orbit mars.it continues conducting scientific exploration ,and accting as a relay satellite.

The pictures takes by the ZhuRong rover, first will be transmitted to the orbiter, the pictures stores in the orbiter, then select the opportunity to transmitted the picture back to the earth.

but every martian day ,only two time periods can be used to transmitt data,less than an hour.this is the reason why we needs more time to receive the picture.

unlike america ,we only have one orbiter,they have many orbiter,as for how many ,i didn’t find the real number .

so this picture took by the perseverance rover.

yesterday chinese goverment reported two pictures and two vedios received from zhurong,let’s take a look!

as we can see, this landing place is good ,there is no large stone around zhurong!we hope zhurong can work well and have nice day on mars.

there are two vedios about the time when the orbiter and the lander separated!

as we can see from the picture ,zhurong has not go down to the surface of mars!so next zhurong will go down from the lander,then the payload will boot one after another,to explore mars,we will receive more data!

finally i will introduce the future chinese spaceflight mission.first is the tianzhou second ,tianzhou secon was plan to lanuch at 1 am 35 minute early this morning but due to technical reasons this misson was delayed!

this is the chinese space station construction schedule,due to the delay of tianzhou second ,the misson of shenzhou twelve will be delayed , in two years we will lanuch four cargo spaceships ,four manned spaceships,two experiment module!

after chinese space station mission complete!

next part is new high-thrust rocket changzheng nine!this is picture shows his liquid oxygen engine.if this rocket is sucessfully launched ,this rocket will be used in chinese first manned mission to the moon and the mars sample return!

as konstantin tsiolkovsky once said :the earth is the cradle of mankind ,but mankind cannot stay in the cradle forever.china should fly farther in the universe and we aslo have the ability to fly farther.

参考文献

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[2]郑军强. 六轮摇臂式火星车轮-步复合移动系统及蠕动爬行策略研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,.

[3]朱岩,白云飞,王连国,沈卫华,张宝明,王蔚,周盛雨,杜庆国,陈春红.中国首次火星探测工程有效载荷总体设计[J].深空探测学报,,4(06):510-514+534.

星河所沓 十二焉分 日月安属 列星安陈——记中国首次自主火星探测任务（一次英语课上的汇报）