想必看这篇文章的读者都对vtk有或多或少的认识，vtk中的vtkDICOMImageReader是用来读取DICOM文件的类，但是其只能读取未压缩格式的DICOM文件，本人手头上需要显示和处理的DICOM均为压缩格式的DICOM文件（1.2.840.10008.1.2.4.70 [JPEG Lossless, Non-Hierarchical, First-Order Prediction (Process 14 [Selection Value 1]): Default Transfer Syntax for Lossless JPEG Image Compression]），直接使用该类读取会报如下错误
ERROR: In E:\SourceCode\VTK-8.2.0\IO\Image\vtkDICOMImageReader.cxx, line 270
vtkDICOMImageReader (000001D37701A6D0): There was a problem retrieving data from: E://DICOM//071009//0200.dcm
这时候就需要借助其他库来读取这种格式的DICOM文件，通过网上冲浪得知，以下库可以完成读取：GDCM、ITK（读取也是gdcm实现的）、DCMTK等，这里作者选择使用dcmtk进行读取。
1-下载、编译
和vtk一样，这里就不作详细介绍了，dcmtk官方地址：dicom.offis.de - Home，如果编译不成功可以和我联系，这里是在windows 10操作系统中编译，使用cmake+VS。
2-Demo
IDE工具用的是Qt 5.14.1 + VS。创建项目，配置pro文件，为了方便就把所有文件都添加了进来，后期项目上可以按需求添加。
INCLUDEPATH += \D:/ThridPartyLibrary/gdcm/debug/include/gdcm-3.0 \D:/ThridPartyLibrary/vtk/debug/include/vtk-8.2 \D:/ThridPartyLibrary/dcmtk/debug/include \LIBS += \-LD:/ThridPartyLibrary/gdcm/debug/lib/ \-LD:/ThridPartyLibrary/vtk/debug/lib \-LD:/ThridPartyLibrary/dcmtk/debug/lib \-lgdcmcharls \-lgdcmCommon \-lgdcmDICT \-lgdcmDSED \-lgdcmexpat \-lgdcmgetopt \-lgdcmIOD \-lgdcmjpeg12 \-lgdcmjpeg16 \-lgdcmjpeg8 \-lgdcmMEXD \-lgdcmMSFF \-lgdcmopenjp2 \-lgdcmzlib \-lsocketxx \-lvtkgdcm \-lvtkChartsCore-8.2 \-lvtkCommonColor-8.2 \-lvtkCommonComputationalGeometry-8.2 \-lvtkCommonCore-8.2 \-lvtkCommonDataModel-8.2 \-lvtkCommonExecutionModel-8.2 \-lvtkCommonMath-8.2 \-lvtkCommonMisc-8.2 \-lvtkCommonSystem-8.2 \-lvtkCommonTransforms-8.2 \-lvtkDICOMParser-8.2 \-lvtkDomainsChemistry-8.2 \-lvtkDomainsChemistryOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtkdoubleconversion-8.2 \-lvtkexodusII-8.2 \-lvtkexpat-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersAMR-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersCore-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersExtraction-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersFlowPaths-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersGeneral-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersGeneric-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersGeometry-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersHybrid-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersHyperTree-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersImaging-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersModeling-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersParallel-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersParallelImaging-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersPoints-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersProgrammable-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersSelection-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersSMP-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersSources-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersStatistics-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersTexture-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersTopology-8.2 \-lvtkFiltersVerdict-8.2 \-lvtkfreetype-8.2 \-lvtkGeovisCore-8.2 \-lvtkgl2ps-8.2 \-lvtkglew-8.2 \-lvtkGUISupportMFC-8.2 \-lvtkGUISupportQt-8.2 \-lvtkGUISupportQtOpenGL-8.2 \-lvtkGUISupportQtSQL-8.2 \-lvtkhdf5-8.2 \-lvtkhdf5_hl-8.2 \-lvtkImagingColor-8.2 \-lvtkImagingCore-8.2 \-lvtkImagingFourier-8.2 \-lvtkImagingGeneral-8.2 \-lvtkImagingHybrid-8.2 \-lvtkImagingMath-8.2 \-lvtkImagingMorphological-8.2 \-lvtkImagingSources-8.2 \-lvtkImagingStatistics-8.2 \-lvtkImagingStencil-8.2 \-lvtkInfovisCore-8.2 \-lvtkInfovisLayout-8.2 \-lvtkInteractionImage-8.2 \-lvtkInteractionStyle-8.2 \-lvtkInteractionWidgets-8.2 \-lvtkIOAMR-8.2 \-lvtkIOAsynchronous-8.2 \-lvtkIOCityGML-8.2 \-lvtkIOCore-8.2 \-lvtkIOEnSight-8.2 \-lvtkIOExodus-8.2 \-lvtkIOExport-8.2 \-lvtkIOExportOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtkIOExportPDF-8.2 \-lvtkIOGeometry-8.2 \-lvtkIOImage-8.2 \-lvtkIOImport-8.2 \-lvtkIOInfovis-8.2 \-lvtkIOLegacy-8.2 \-lvtkIOLSDyna-8.2 \-lvtkIOMINC-8.2 \-lvtkIOMovie-8.2 \-lvtkIONetCDF-8.2 \-lvtkIOParallel-8.2 \-lvtkIOParallelXML-8.2 \-lvtkIOPLY-8.2 \-lvtkIOSegY-8.2 \-lvtkIOSQL-8.2 \-lvtkIOTecplotTable-8.2 \-lvtkIOVeraOut-8.2 \-lvtkIOVideo-8.2 \-lvtkIOXML-8.2 \-lvtkIOXMLParser-8.2 \-lvtkjpeg-8.2 \-lvtkjsoncpp-8.2 \-lvtklibharu-8.2 \-lvtklibxml2-8.2 \-lvtkLocalExample-8.2 \-lvtklz4-8.2 \-lvtklzma-8.2 \-lvtkmetaio-8.2 \-lvtkNetCDF-8.2 \-lvtkogg-8.2 \-lvtkParallelCore-8.2 \-lvtkpng-8.2 \-lvtkproj-8.2 \-lvtkpugixml-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingAnnotation-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingContext2D-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingContextOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingCore-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingFreeType-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingGL2PSOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingImage-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingLabel-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingLOD-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingQt-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingVolume-8.2 \-lvtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL2-8.2 \-lvtksqlite-8.2 \-lvtksys-8.2 \-lvtkTestingGenericBridge-8.2 \-lvtkTestingIOSQL-8.2 \-lvtkTestingRendering-8.2 \-lvtktheora-8.2 \-lvtktiff-8.2 \-lvtkverdict-8.2 \-lvtkViewsContext2D-8.2 \-lvtkViewsCore-8.2 \-lvtkViewsInfovis-8.2 \-lvtkViewsQt-8.2 \-lvtkzlib-8.2 \-lcmr \-ldcmdata \-ldcmdsig \-ldcmect \-ldcmfg \-ldcmimage \-ldcmimgle \-ldcmiod \-ldcmjpeg \-ldcmjpls \-ldcmnet \-ldcmpmap \-ldcmpstat \-ldcmqrdb \-ldcmrt \-ldcmseg \-ldcmsr \-ldcmtkcharls \-ldcmtls \-ldcmtract \-ldcmwlm \-li2d \-lijg12 \-lijg16 \-lijg8 \-loflog \-lofstd \
引入头文件，初始化vtk
#include <dcmtk/dcmdata/dctk.h>#include <dcmtk/dcmdata/dcfilefo.h>#include <dcmtk/dcmimgle/dcmimage.h>#include <dcmtk/dcmimage/diregist.h>#include <dcmtk/dcmjpeg/djdecode.h>#include <dcmtk/ofstd/ofstring.h>#include <dcmtk/dcmdata/dcostrmb.h>#include <vtkAutoInit.h>VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2) ;VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle) ;VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingFreeType);#include <vtkImageImport.h>#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>#include <vtkRenderer.h>#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>#include <vtkImageViewer2.h>
读取、解压缩并显示dicom文件
DJDecoderRegistration::registerCodecs(); // register JPEG codecsDcmFileFormat fileformat;if (fileformat.loadFile("E://DICOM//071009//0200.dcm").good()){DcmDataset *dataset = fileformat.getDataset();// decompress data set if compressedif (dataset->chooseRepresentation(EXS_LittleEndianExplicit, NULL).good() &&dataset->canWriteXfer(EXS_LittleEndianExplicit)){//fileformat.saveFile("0200_decompressed.dcm", EXS_LittleEndianExplicit);DicomImage* image = new DicomImage(dataset, EXS_LittleEndianExplicit); //生成DicomImageif (image != NULL && image->getStatus() == EIS_Normal){IntType *SliceData = (IntType *)(image->getOutputData(BIT /* bits per sample */));cout << SliceData << endl;if(SliceData != NULL){vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageImport> import = vtkImageImport::New();import->SetImportVoidPointer(SliceData);import->SetDataScalarTypeToShort();import->SetDataExtent(0,775,0,775,0,0);import->SetWholeExtent(0,775,0,775,0,0);import->Update();vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageViewer2> viewer = vtkImageViewer2::New();vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> interactor = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New();viewer->SetupInteractor(interactor);viewer->SetInputConnection(import->GetOutputPort());viewer->SetColorLevel(600);viewer->SetColorWindow(3200);viewer->Render();interactor->Start();}}else{cerr << "Error: cannot load DICOM image ("<< DicomImage::getString(image->getStatus())<< ").\nError code: 3" << endl;return 3;}delete image;}}DJDecoderRegistration::cleanup();
显示效果图：
以上仅为简易版本demo，如有错误请指出，谢谢！
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