10万+IT人都在关注的图片批量压缩上传方案(完整案例+代码)
背景需求：为了客户端访问图片资源时，加载图片更流畅，体验更好，通常不会直接用原图路径，需要根据不同的场景显示不同规格的缩略图，根据商品关键属性，能够获取到图片不同尺寸规格的图片路径，并且能根据不同缩略图直观看到商品的关键属性，需要写一个Java小工具把本地磁盘中的图片资源一键上传至分布式FastDFS文件服务器，并把图片信息存入本地数据库，PC端或者客户端查询商品时，就可以根据商品的业务属性。比如根据productId就能把商品相关的不同尺寸规格的图片都获取到，页面渲染图片资源时，不同的场景，直接通过文件服务器的IP+存储路径，可以在线预览。示例：商品id为1001的主图原图1001.jpg，大小为800×800（px），在本案例中解析为1001-50×50.jpg，1001-100×100.jpg，1001-200×200.jpg，1001-400×400.jpg，解析后连同原图就是5种尺寸规格的图片。前端就能直观的根据屏幕大小，业务场景等因素使用不同的图片。
实现思路：先把本地磁盘目录中的所有图片资源通过IO流读出来，读到内存中，然后对图片的名称根据定义好的业务规则解析，生成不同的图片名，然后对原图进行不同规格的解析压缩处理，以及图片资源的上传和图片信息的批量保存至数据库。
常用的压缩方案有下面2种：
方案一：对原图进行按照指定存储空间的压缩，比如原图100Kb，压缩至10Kb
方案二：对原图进行指定宽高大小的压缩，比如原图800*800，压缩至100*100
准备工作：封装一个文件流操作的通过工具类，如下：
package com.demo.utils;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;/*** 创建时间：3月13日 下午9:02:32* 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server* 类说明：文件流工具类* @author guobinhui* @since JDK 1.8.0_51*/public class FileUtils {/* * 读取本地物理磁盘目录里的所有文件资源到程序内存 */ public static List<File> readFiles(String fileDir) {File dirPath = new File(fileDir);//用listFiles()获得子目录和文件File[] files = dirPath.listFiles();List<File> list1 = new ArrayList<File>();for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {File file = files[i];if (!file.isDirectory()) {list1.add(files[i]);}}System.out.println("目录图片数量为："+list1.size());return list1;}/* * File文件流转为Base64的字符串流* 注意：通过前端页面上传图片时，用 MultipartFile文件流可以接收图片并上传,MultipartFile流有很丰富的方法* 本案例通过后台小工具上传，需要把图片资源的文件流转为Base64格式的流才可以上传*/ public static String getBase64(File file) {FileInputStream fis = null;String base64String = null;try {fis = new FileInputStream(file);byte[] buff = new byte[fis.available()];fis.read(buff);base64String = Base64.encodeBase64String(buff);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}finally{if(fis != null){try {fis.close();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}return base64String;}/*** 将File文件流转为字节数组* @param file* @return*/public static byte[] getByte(File file){byte[] bytes = null;try {FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);bytes = new byte[fis.available()];fis.read(bytes);fis.close();} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return bytes;}/*** 将字节输出流写到指定文件* @param os* @param file*/public static void writeFile(ByteArrayOutputStream os, File file){FileOutputStream fos = null;try {byte[] bytes = os.toByteArray();if (file.exists()) {file.delete();}fos = new FileOutputStream(file);fos.write(bytes);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {fos.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}
封装一个压缩图片处理类
package com.demo.mapper.entity;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;/*** 创建时间：3月13日 下午3:35:05* 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server* 类说明：图片压缩处理类* @author guobinhui* @since JDK 1.8.0_51*/public class ImgCompress {private Image img; private int width; private int height;/** * 构造函数 */ public ImgCompress(String filePath) throws IOException { File file = new File(filePath);// 读入文件 img = ImageIO.read(file);// 构造Image对象 width = img.getWidth(null); // 得到源图宽 height = img.getHeight(null); // 得到源图长 } public Image getImg() {return img;}public void setImg(Image img) {this.img = img;}public int getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(int width) {this.width = width;}public int getHeight() {return height;}public void setHeight(int height) {this.height = height;}public void reSize(int w, int h,File file,String dir) throws IOException { // SCALE_SMOOTH 的缩略算法 生成缩略图片的平滑度的 优先级比速度高 生成的图片质量比较好，但是速度慢 BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(50,50,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB );Image img = ImageIO.read(file);Image image = img.getScaledInstance(w, h, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);tag.getGraphics().drawImage(image,50, 50, null); // 绘制缩小后的图 // 将输入文件转换为字节数组byte[] bytes = FileUtils.getByte(file);// 构造输入输出字节流ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();double rate = w/800;//缩放比率try {// 处理图片zoomImage(is,os,rate);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 将字节输出流写入文件FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(dir+"/"+file.getName()));} public void zoomImage(InputStream is, OutputStream os,double Rate) throws Exception { BufferedImage bufImg = ImageIO.read(is);AffineTransformOp ato = new AffineTransformOp(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(Rate,Rate), null);BufferedImage bufferedImage = ato.filter(bufImg, null);ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", os);}}
方案一具体实现过程：
package com.demo.controller;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Image;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.demo.mapper.entity.AttachmentModel;import com.demo.mapper.entity.ImgCompress;import com.demo.mapper.entity.ProductPic;import com.demo.service.IFileService;import com.demo.utils.FileUtils;import com.mon.ResultInfo;/*** 创建时间：3月8日 下午3:03:56* 项目名称：shsc-batchUpload-server* 类说明：图片批量压缩上传* @author guobinhui* @since JDK 1.8.0_51*/@RestController@RequestMapping(value="/file")public class FileController {@Autowiredprivate IFileService fileServiceImpl;@RequestMapping("/test")@ResponseBodypublic String test() {//原始图片目录String originalFileDir = "D:/pics/pic1";List <File> originalFileList = readFiles(originalFileDir);Iterator<File> it = originalFileList.iterator();//压缩后的缩略图目录String thumbnailDir = "D:/uploadBaseDir/productPic/0313/thumbnail";long startWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();while(it.hasNext()){File file = (File)it.next();try {ImgCompress img = new ImgCompress(file.getPath());img.reSize(50, 50, file, thumbnailDir);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();return "上传失败!";} }long endWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("批量上传文件共计耗时：" +(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒" );return "<h1 style='color:red;'>批量上传文件成功,非常棒,压缩上传文件总数量为："+num+",共计耗时"+(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒</h1>";} }
最后在浏览器上访问该接口或者把该接口放在main方法里run，效果如下：
方案二具体实现过程：
@RequestMapping("/upload")@ResponseBodypublic String upload(){//win环境原始文件目录String originalFileDir = "D:/pics/pic1";System.out.println("读磁盘文件开始");long startRead = System.currentTimeMillis();List <File> originalFileList = readFiles(originalFileDir);long endRead = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("读磁盘文件结束");System.out.println("读取磁盘文件共计耗时：" +(endRead-startRead)+"毫秒" );Iterator<File> it = originalFileList.iterator();System.out.println("压缩拷贝文件开始");long startWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();//Integer size = 500;//每500个图片批量插入一次//Integer i = 0;String productNumber = null;String thumbnailDir = "D:/uploadBaseDir/productPic/0313/thumbnail";String base64 = null;String new50PicName = "";String new100PicName = "";String new200PicName = "";String new400PicName = "";List <ProductPic> picList = new ArrayList<ProductPic>();int picType;List <Integer> sizeList = new ArrayList<Integer>();sizeList.add(0,50);sizeList.add(1,100);sizeList.add(2,200);sizeList.add(3,400);while(it.hasNext()){File file = (File)it.next();System.out.println("原始文件路径为："+file.getPath());String originalFileName= file.getName();String prefixName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."));String ext = originalFileName.substring(originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."));byte[] buff = FileUtils.getByte(file);ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(buff);ByteArrayOutputStream os = null;BufferedImage BI = null;base64 = getBase64(file);ResultInfo<?> r = fileServiceImpl.uploadBase64(base64,originalFileName);AttachmentModel att = (AttachmentModel)r.getData();if(originalFileName.indexOf('-') == -1) {picType = 1;productNumber = prefixName;}else {picType = 2;productNumber = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("-"));}if(r.isSuccess()) {ProductPic pic = new ProductPic();BeanUtils.copyProperties(att, pic);pic.getPicName();pic.setProductId(productNumber);pic.setPicType(picType);picList.add(pic);}if(originalFileName.indexOf('-') == -1) {//不带'-'的是商品主图productNumber = prefixName;new50PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "50×50"+ext;new100PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "100×100"+ext;new200PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "200×200"+ext;new400PicName = productNumber+'-'+ "400×400"+ext;}else {productNumber = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("-"));new50PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "50×50"+ext;new100PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "100×100"+ext;new200PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "200×200"+ext;new400PicName = originalFileName.substring(0,originalFileName.lastIndexOf("."))+'-'+ "400×400"+ext;}try {File f = null;BI = ImageIO.read(is);for (int i = 0; i < sizeList.size(); i++) {os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();Image image = BI.getScaledInstance(sizeList.get(i),sizeList.get(i), Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(sizeList.get(i),sizeList.get(i),BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();g.setColor(Color.RED);g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); //绘制处理后的图g.dispose();ImageIO.write(tag, "jpg", os);if(sizeList.get(i) == 50) {FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new50PicName));f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new50PicName);}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 100) {FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new100PicName));f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new100PicName);}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 200) {FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new200PicName));f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new200PicName);}else if(sizeList.get(i) == 400) {FileUtils.writeFile(os,new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new400PicName));f = new File(thumbnailDir+"/"+new400PicName);}base64 = getBase64(f);ResultInfo<?> rr = fileServiceImpl.uploadBase64(base64,f.getName());if(rr.isSuccess()) {AttachmentModel atta = (AttachmentModel)rr.getData();if(atta.getPicName().indexOf('-') == -1) {//不带'-'的是商品主图picType = 1;}else if(atta.getPicName().indexOf("-1.") != -1|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-2.") != -1|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-3.") != -1|| atta.getPicName().indexOf("-4.") != -1) {picType = 2;}else if((atta.getPicName().indexOf("-1-") == -1||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-2-") == -1||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-3-") == -1||atta.getPicName().indexOf("-4-") == -1)&& atta.getPicName().indexOf("-") != -1) {picType = 3;}else {picType = 4;}ProductPic pic = new ProductPic();BeanUtils.copyProperties(atta, pic);pic.getPicName();pic.setProductId(productNumber);pic.setPicType(picType);picList.add(pic);}} } catch (Exception e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke1.printStackTrace();}}int num = fileServiceImpl.insertPics(picList);if(num > 0) {long endWrite = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("批量上传文件共计耗时：" +(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒" );return "<h1 style='color:red;'>批量上传文件成功,非常棒,压缩上传文件总数量为："+num+",共计耗时"+(endWrite-startWrite)/1000+"秒</h1>";}return "批量上传文件失败！";}
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