最近在学习机器人运动控制学,用到了矩阵运算,并用C语言实现之
首先声明该代码在Ubuntu18.04下运行通过, 如若在windows下运行失败请考虑编译器版本问题
一个矩阵最基本的有行数line,列数row和 行数乘以列数个数据(row*line), 所以用一个最基本的结构体变量来表示一个矩阵;
矩阵的结构体:
typedef struct {int row,line;//line为行,row为列double *data;}Matrix;
这样在创建一个矩阵的时候只需要分配row,line和data的内存就好.
然后…好像也没啥好说的… 直接根据所学矩阵的基本运算只是写代码就好…
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>double value[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};double value2[] = {9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1};typedef struct {int row,line;//line为行,row为列double *data;}Matrix;Matrix* InitMatrix(Matrix *matrix,int row,int line);//初始化矩阵void ValueMatrix(Matrix *matrix,double *array);//给一个矩阵赋值int SizeMatrix(Matrix *matrix);//获得一个矩阵的大小void FreeMatrix(Matrix *matrix);//释放一个矩阵void CopyMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A, Matrix *matrix_B);//复制一个矩阵的值void PrintMatrix(Matrix *matrix);//打印一个矩阵//矩阵的基本运算Matrix* AddMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A,Matrix *matrix_B);//矩阵的加法Matrix* MulMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A,Matrix *matrix_B);//矩阵的乘法void TransMatrix(Matrix *matrix);//条件为方阵int main(int argc,char* argv[]){Matrix *matrix1 = InitMatrix(matrix1,3,3);Matrix *matrix2 = InitMatrix(matrix2,3,3);ValueMatrix(matrix1,value);// CopyMatrix(matrix1,matrix2);//复制赋值ValueMatrix(matrix2,value2);printf("矩阵1 乘以 矩阵2: \n");Matrix *matrix3 = MulMatrix(matrix1,matrix2);//乘法PrintMatrix(matrix3);printf("矩阵1 加上 矩阵2: \n");Matrix *matrix4 = AddMatrix(matrix1,matrix2);//加法PrintMatrix(matrix4);printf("矩阵1进行转置: \n");TransMatrix(matrix1);//转置PrintMatrix(matrix1);return 0;}Matrix* InitMatrix(Matrix *matrix,int row,int line)//初始化一个矩阵{if (row>0 && line>0){matrix = (Matrix*)malloc(sizeof(Matrix));matrix->row = row;matrix->line = line;matrix->data = (double*)malloc(sizeof(double)*row*line);memset(matrix->data,0,sizeof(double)*row*line);return matrix;}else return NULL;} void ValueMatrix(Matrix *matrix,double *array) //给矩阵赋值{if (matrix->data != NULL){memcpy(matrix->data, array, matrix->row*matrix->line*sizeof(double));}}int SizeMatrix(Matrix *matrix){return matrix->row*matrix->line;}void FreeMatrix(Matrix *matrix){free(matrix->data);//释放掉矩阵的data存储区matrix->data = NULL;printf("释放成功\n");}void CopyMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A, Matrix *matrix_B){matrix_B->row = matrix_A->row;matrix_B->line = matrix_A->line;memcpy(matrix_B->data, matrix_A->data, SizeMatrix(matrix_A)*sizeof(double));}void PrintMatrix(Matrix *matrix){for (int i=0;i<SizeMatrix(matrix);i++){printf("%lf\t", matrix->data[i]);if ((i+1)%matrix->line == 0)printf("\n");}}//加法Matrix* AddMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A,Matrix *matrix_B){if (matrix_A->row == matrix_B->row && matrix_A->line == matrix_B->line){Matrix *matrix_C = InitMatrix(matrix_C,matrix_A->row,matrix_A->line);for (int i=0;i<matrix_A->line;i++){for (int j=0;j<matrix_A->row;j++){matrix_C->data[i*matrix_C->row + j] = \matrix_A->data[i*matrix_A->row + j] + matrix_B->data[i*matrix_A->row + j];}}return matrix_C;}else {printf("不可相加\n");return NULL;}}//乘法Matrix* MulMatrix(Matrix *matrix_A,Matrix *matrix_B){if (matrix_A->row == matrix_B->line)//列==行{Matrix *matrix_C = InitMatrix(matrix_C,matrix_B->row,matrix_A->line);// matrix_C->line = matrix_A->line;//A行// matrix_C->row = matrix_B->row;//B列for (int i=0;i<matrix_A->row;i++){for (int j=0;j<matrix_B->line;j++){for (int k=0;k<matrix_A->line;k++){matrix_C->data[i*matrix_C->line + j] += \matrix_A->data[i*matrix_A->line + k] * matrix_B->data[k*matrix_B->row + j];}}}return matrix_C;}else{printf("不可相乘\n");return NULL;}}//矩阵转置void TransMatrix(Matrix *matrix)//条件为方阵{if (matrix->row == matrix->line){Matrix *matrixTemp = InitMatrix(matrixTemp, matrix->row,matrix->line); //创建一个临时矩阵CopyMatrix(matrix,matrixTemp);//将目标矩阵的data复制给临时矩阵for (int i=0;i<matrix->row;i++){for (int j=0;j<matrix->line;j++){matrix->data[i*matrix->row + j] = matrixTemp->data[j*matrix->row + i];}}}else{printf("转置的矩阵必须为方阵\n");}}
恩…都是代码…尽情享用吧!
