使用office提供的在线预览功能
https://view.officeapps.live....
src后面接你需要预览的文件下载地址.
如果不能实现预览功能,提示报错
请检查http返回的Content-Type是否正确
当从浏览器返回一个文件时,需要指定ContentType,以下是Office对应的值:
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template" (for .dotx files)
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation" (for .pptx files)
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow" (for .ppsx files)
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template" (for .potx files)
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" (for .xlsx files)
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template" (for .xltx files)
参考链接:
/huang...
office在线预览文档: /z...
office文件对应的contentType: /diony...
bug解决记录:
原来网站中有个需要,是下载Excel.
最开始实现的时候,是使用jsreport来实现,但是该服务收费,并且由于功能太强大了,学习成本高.
因为我们只是想要下载Excel,后面就找了Excel.js这个库来实现.
下载Excel是没问题,生成文件流以后,,直接返回steam,有一天,领导说,需要在线预览Excel?
考虑过几种方案,
自己实现解析Excel,直接以表格的样式返回HTML找第三方js库,来实现Excel预览,其他(尽可能少改动现有代码)
在找其他方案的时候,发现,其他Microsoft Office365提供了在线预览的功能,只需要
https://view.officeapps.live....
src后面跟上Excel的下载地址就行.
但是测试了一下,发现并不能成功.因为我们服务器上通过接口下载Excel的URL拼接在上面src后面,不能预览,会报错.
但是,如果是访问静态资源目录,拼接在src后面,是可以的.
比如: /excel.xlsx 可以在线预览
/download/report... 不能在线预览
我就怀疑是response Header设置问题,但是,不清楚具体是哪个配置项.
最开始以为是https的问题,但是测试后发现,与https无关,https和http协议都能在线预览
也考虑过是不是URL上没用后缀,导致office无法识别该文件是什么类型,但是下载保存的时候,会自动识别出对应的文件后缀名,所以就肯定不是URL上没有后缀名导致的问题.
服务器后端使用的是Node.js,框架用的是express,如果将Excel放置在静态资源文件目录下,是能正常预览.
如果是将文件放在静态资源文件夹下访问,等同于调用express中的res.sendFile(filePath)方法.
我们的接口中,使用
res.set({'Content-Disposition': 'Attachment; filename="report.xlsx'});
来设置response的header,保证用户下载文件后存储到本地时默认是Excel后缀.
好,因为基础知识不牢,只能去查看express的源码中sendFile()方法有什么奥秘了
node_modules/express/lib/response.js
res.sendFile = function sendFile(path, options, callback) {var done = callback;var req = this.req;var res = this;var next = req.next;var opts = options || {};if (!path) {throw new TypeError('path argument is required to res.sendFile');}// support function as second argif (typeof options === 'function') {done = options;opts = {};}if (!opts.root && !isAbsolute(path)) {throw new TypeError('path must be absolute or specify root to res.sendFile');}// create file streamvar pathname = encodeURI(path);var file = send(req, pathname, opts);// transfersendfile(res, file, opts, function (err) {if (done) return done(err);if (err && err.code === 'EISDIR') return next();// next() all but write errorsif (err && err.code !== 'ECONNABORTED' && err.syscall !== 'write') {next(err);}});};
可以看到,实际上sendFile调用的是node_modules/send/index.js方法,
在看send模块中的代码,发现
var mime = require('mime')SendStream.prototype.type = function type (path) {var res = this.resif (res.getHeader('Content-Type')) returnvar type = mime.lookup(path)if (!type) {debug('no content-type')return}var charset = mime.charsets.lookup(type)debug('content-type %s', type)res.setHeader('Content-Type', type + (charset ? '; charset=' + charset : ''))}
express在发送文件时,会调用上述代码,根据后缀名来获取Content-Type.
在查看mime的源码,会发现在mime中,require了一个type.json,而type.json就是各种后缀名对应的content-type
因为我们原来的代码中,只设置了Content-Disposition,代表该请求返回的是一个文件.
但是office365实际上是通过Content-Type来获取,当前需要预览的是什么类型的文件(word,ppt,Excel),所以,需要设置对应的Content-Type才能正确实现预览功能
mime库中type.json中后缀名对应的ContentType,可以用来做速查表
{"application/andrew-inset": ["ez"],"application/applixware": ["aw"],"application/atom+xml": ["atom"],"application/atomcat+xml": ["atomcat"],"application/atomsvc+xml": ["atomsvc"],"application/bdoc": ["bdoc"],"application/ccxml+xml": ["ccxml"],"application/cdmi-capability": ["cdmia"],"application/cdmi-container": ["cdmic"],"application/cdmi-domain": ["cdmid"],"application/cdmi-object": ["cdmio"],"application/cdmi-queue": ["cdmiq"],"application/cu-seeme": ["cu"],"application/dash+xml": ["mpd"],"application/davmount+xml": ["davmount"],"application/docbook+xml": ["dbk"],"application/dssc+der": ["dssc"],"application/dssc+xml": ["xdssc"],"application/ecmascript": ["ecma"],"application/emma+xml": ["emma"],"application/epub+zip": ["epub"],"application/exi": ["exi"],"application/font-tdpfr": ["pfr"],"application/font-woff": ["woff"],"application/font-woff2": ["woff2"],"application/geo+json": ["geojson"],"application/gml+xml": ["gml"],"application/gpx+xml": ["gpx"],"application/gxf": 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