python利用paramiko实现ssh连接及远程执行命令

python3.6， windows下

1，安装paramiko模块

依赖cryptography：使用命令easy_install安装该模块时，如果报错“...microsoft visual c++ 14.0 is required.”，

可以下载.whl文件，使用命令pip installcryptography.whl

其他依赖模块bcrypt，pynacl类似安装

2， 需求

a, 实现执行远程命令，并打印其返回值

b,实现执行远程脚本，并打印其返回值

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import osimport paramikofrom functools import wrapsfrom datetime import datetimedef timethis(func):"""时间装饰器，计算函数执行所消耗的时间:param func::return:"""@wraps(func)def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):start = datetime.now()result = func(*args, **kwargs)end = datetime.now()print(func.__name__, end-start)return resultreturn wrapperclass SSHManager:def __init__(self, host, usr, passwd):self._host = hostself._usr = usrself._passwd = passwdself._ssh = Noneself._sftp = Noneself._sftp_connect()self._ssh_connect()def __del__(self):if self._ssh:self._ssh.close()if self._sftp:self._sftp.close()def _sftp_connect(self):try:transport = paramiko.Transport((self._host, 22))transport.connect(username=self._usr, password=self._passwd)self._sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)except Exception as e:raise RuntimeError("sftp connect failed [%s]" % str(e))def _ssh_connect(self):try:# 创建ssh对象self._ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机self._ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接服务器self._ssh.connect(hostname=self._host,port=22,username=self._usr,password=self._passwd,timeout=5)except Exception:raise RuntimeError("ssh connected to [host:%s, usr:%s, passwd:%s] failed" %(self._host, self._usr, self._passwd))def ssh_exec_cmd(self, cmd, path='~'):"""通过ssh连接到远程服务器，执行给定的命令:param cmd: 执行的命令:param path: 命令执行的目录:return: 返回结果"""try:result = self._exec_command('cd ' + path + ';' + cmd)print(result)except Exception:raise RuntimeError('exec cmd [%s] failed' % cmd)def ssh_exec_shell(self, local_file, remote_file, exec_path):"""执行远程的sh脚本文件:param local_file: 本地shell文件:param remote_file: 远程shell文件:param exec_path: 执行目录:return:"""try:if not self.is_file_exist(local_file):raise RuntimeError('File [%s] not exist' % local_file)if not self.is_shell_file(local_file):raise RuntimeError('File [%s] is not a shell file' % local_file)self._check_remote_file(local_file, remote_file)result = self._exec_command('chmod +x ' + remote_file + '; cd' + exec_path + ';/bin/bash ' + remote_file)print('exec shell result: ', result)except Exception as e:raise RuntimeError('ssh exec shell failed [%s]' % str(e))@staticmethoddef is_shell_file(file_name):return file_name.endswith('.sh')@staticmethoddef is_file_exist(file_name):try:with open(file_name, 'r'):return Trueexcept Exception as e:return Falsedef _check_remote_file(self, local_file, remote_file):"""检测远程的脚本文件和当前的脚本文件是否一致，如果不一致，则上传本地脚本文件:param local_file::param remote_file::return:"""try:result = self._exec_command('find' + remote_file)if len(result) == 0:self._upload_file(local_file, remote_file)else:lf_size = os.path.getsize(local_file)result = self._exec_command('du -b' + remote_file)rf_size = int(result.split('\t')[0])if lf_size != rf_size:self._upload_file(local_file, remote_file)except Exception as e:raise RuntimeError("check error [%s]" % str(e))@timethisdef _upload_file(self, local_file, remote_file):"""通过sftp上传本地文件到远程:param local_file::param remote_file::return:"""try:self._sftp.put(local_file, remote_file)except Exception as e:raise RuntimeError('upload failed [%s]' % str(e))def _exec_command(self, cmd):"""通过ssh执行远程命令:param cmd::return:"""try:stdin, stdout, stderr = self._ssh.exec_command(cmd)return stdout.read().decode()except Exception as e:raise RuntimeError('Exec command [%s] failed' % str(cmd))if __name__ == '__main__':ip = '192.168.159.142'usr = 'leo'passwd = '123'ssh = SSHManager(ip, usr, passwd)ssh.ssh_exec_cmd('ls')ssh.ssh_exec_shell('./test.sh', '/home/leo/test.sh', '/home/leo')

out: