最新版程序请查看《使用Java实现串口通信（二）》
1.介绍
使用Java实现的串口通信程序，支持十六进制数据的发送与接收。
源码下载地址：/download/kong_gu_you_lan/10015803
效果图如下：
2.RXTXcomm
Java串口通信依赖的jar包RXTXcomm.jar
下载地址：/detail/kong_gu_you_lan/9611334
内含32位与64位版本
使用方法：
拷贝 RXTXcomm.jar 到 JAVA_HOME\jre\lib\ext目录中；
拷贝 rxtxSerial.dll 到 JAVA_HOME\jre\bin目录中；
拷贝 rxtxParallel.dll 到 JAVA_HOME\jre\bin目录中；
JAVA_HOME为jdk安装路径
3.串口通信管理
SerialPortManager实现了对串口通信的管理，包括查找可用端口、打开关闭串口、发送接收数据。
package com.yang.serialport.manage;import mPort;import mPortIdentifier;import gnu.io.NoSuchPortException;import gnu.io.PortInUseException;import gnu.io.SerialPort;import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Enumeration;import java.util.TooManyListenersException;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NoSuchPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NotASerialPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.PortInUse;import com.yang.serialport.exception.ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SendDataToSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortParameterFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.TooManyListeners;/*** 串口管理* * @author yangle*/public class SerialPortManager {/*** 查找所有可用端口* * @return 可用端口名称列表*/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public static final ArrayList<String> findPort() {// 获得当前所有可用串口Enumeration<CommPortIdentifier> portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();ArrayList<String> portNameList = new ArrayList<String>();// 将可用串口名添加到List并返回该Listwhile (portList.hasMoreElements()) {String portName = portList.nextElement().getName();portNameList.add(portName);}return portNameList;}/*** 打开串口* * @param portName* 端口名称* @param baudrate* 波特率* @return 串口对象* @throws SerialPortParameterFailure* 设置串口参数失败* @throws NotASerialPort* 端口指向设备不是串口类型* @throws NoSuchPort* 没有该端口对应的串口设备* @throws PortInUse* 端口已被占用*/public static final SerialPort openPort(String portName, int baudrate)throws SerialPortParameterFailure, NotASerialPort, NoSuchPort,PortInUse {try {// 通过端口名识别端口CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(portName);// 打开端口，设置端口名与timeout（打开操作的超时时间）CommPort commPort = portIdentifier.open(portName, 2000);// 判断是不是串口if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) {SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort;try {// 设置串口的波特率等参数serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baudrate,SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1,SerialPort.PARITY_NONE);} catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e) {throw new SerialPortParameterFailure();}return serialPort;} else {// 不是串口throw new NotASerialPort();}} catch (NoSuchPortException e1) {throw new NoSuchPort();} catch (PortInUseException e2) {throw new PortInUse();}}/*** 关闭串口* * @param serialport* 待关闭的串口对象*/public static void closePort(SerialPort serialPort) {if (serialPort != null) {serialPort.close();serialPort = null;}}/*** 向串口发送数据* * @param serialPort* 串口对象* @param order* 待发送数据* @throws SendDataToSerialPortFailure* 向串口发送数据失败* @throws SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure* 关闭串口对象的输出流出错*/public static void sendToPort(SerialPort serialPort, byte[] order)throws SendDataToSerialPortFailure,SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure {OutputStream out = null;try {out = serialPort.getOutputStream();out.write(order);out.flush();} catch (IOException e) {throw new SendDataToSerialPortFailure();} finally {try {if (out != null) {out.close();out = null;}} catch (IOException e) {throw new SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure();}}}/*** 从串口读取数据* * @param serialPort* 当前已建立连接的SerialPort对象* @return 读取到的数据* @throws ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure* 从串口读取数据时出错* @throws SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure* 关闭串口对象输入流出错*/public static byte[] readFromPort(SerialPort serialPort)throws ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure,SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure {InputStream in = null;byte[] bytes = null;try {in = serialPort.getInputStream();// 获取buffer里的数据长度int bufflenth = in.available();while (bufflenth != 0) {// 初始化byte数组为buffer中数据的长度bytes = new byte[bufflenth];in.read(bytes);bufflenth = in.available();}} catch (IOException e) {throw new ReadDataFromSerialPortFailure();} finally {try {if (in != null) {in.close();in = null;}} catch (IOException e) {throw new SerialPortInputStreamCloseFailure();}}return bytes;}/*** 添加监听器* * @param port* 串口对象* @param listener* 串口监听器* @throws TooManyListeners* 监听类对象过多*/public static void addListener(SerialPort port,SerialPortEventListener listener) throws TooManyListeners {try {// 给串口添加监听器port.addEventListener(listener);// 设置当有数据到达时唤醒监听接收线程port.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);// 设置当通信中断时唤醒中断线程port.notifyOnBreakInterrupt(true);} catch (TooManyListenersException e) {throw new TooManyListeners();}}}
4.程序主窗口
/** MainFrame.java** Created on .8.19*/package com.yang.serialport.ui;import gnu.io.SerialPort;import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent;import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;import java.awt.Point;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.util.List;import javax.swing.BorderFactory;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.JComboBox;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.JLabel;import javax.swing.JPanel;import javax.swing.JScrollPane;import javax.swing.JTextArea;import javax.swing.JTextField;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NoSuchPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.NotASerialPort;import com.yang.serialport.exception.PortInUse;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SendDataToSerialPortFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.SerialPortParameterFailure;import com.yang.serialport.exception.TooManyListeners;import com.yang.serialport.manage.SerialPortManager;import com.yang.serialport.utils.ByteUtils;import com.yang.serialport.utils.ShowUtils;/*** 主界面* * @author yangle*/public class MainFrame extends JFrame {/*** 程序界面宽度*/public static final int WIDTH = 500;/*** 程序界面高度*/public static final int HEIGHT = 360;private JTextArea dataView = new JTextArea();private JScrollPane scrollDataView = new JScrollPane(dataView);// 串口设置面板private JPanel serialPortPanel = new JPanel();private JLabel serialPortLabel = new JLabel("串口");private JLabel baudrateLabel = new JLabel("波特率");private JComboBox commChoice = new JComboBox();private JComboBox baudrateChoice = new JComboBox();// 操作面板private JPanel operatePanel = new JPanel();private JTextField dataInput = new JTextField();private JButton serialPortOperate = new JButton("打开串口");private JButton sendData = new JButton("发送数据");private List<String> commList = null;private SerialPort serialport;public MainFrame() {initView();initComponents();actionListener();initData();}private void initView() {// 关闭程序setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);// 禁止窗口最大化setResizable(false);// 设置程序窗口居中显示Point p = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getCenterPoint();setBounds(p.x - WIDTH / 2, p.y - HEIGHT / 2, WIDTH, HEIGHT);this.setLayout(null);setTitle("串口通讯");}private void initComponents() {// 数据显示dataView.setFocusable(false);scrollDataView.setBounds(10, 10, 475, 200);add(scrollDataView);// 串口设置serialPortPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("串口设置"));serialPortPanel.setBounds(10, 220, 170, 100);serialPortPanel.setLayout(null);add(serialPortPanel);serialPortLabel.setForeground(Color.gray);serialPortLabel.setBounds(10, 25, 40, 20);serialPortPanel.add(serialPortLabel);commChoice.setFocusable(false);commChoice.setBounds(60, 25, 100, 20);serialPortPanel.add(commChoice);baudrateLabel.setForeground(Color.gray);baudrateLabel.setBounds(10, 60, 40, 20);serialPortPanel.add(baudrateLabel);baudrateChoice.setFocusable(false);baudrateChoice.setBounds(60, 60, 100, 20);serialPortPanel.add(baudrateChoice);// 操作operatePanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("操作"));operatePanel.setBounds(200, 220, 285, 100);operatePanel.setLayout(null);add(operatePanel);dataInput.setBounds(25, 25, 235, 20);operatePanel.add(dataInput);serialPortOperate.setFocusable(false);serialPortOperate.setBounds(45, 60, 90, 20);operatePanel.add(serialPortOperate);sendData.setFocusable(false);sendData.setBounds(155, 60, 90, 20);operatePanel.add(sendData);}@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")private void initData() {commList = SerialPortManager.findPort();// 检查是否有可用串口，有则加入选项中if (commList == null || commList.size() < 1) {ShowUtils.warningMessage("没有搜索到有效串口！");} else {for (String s : commList) {commChoice.addItem(s);}}baudrateChoice.addItem("9600");baudrateChoice.addItem("19200");baudrateChoice.addItem("38400");baudrateChoice.addItem("57600");baudrateChoice.addItem("115200");}private void actionListener() {serialPortOperate.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {if ("打开串口".equals(serialPortOperate.getText())&& serialport == null) {openSerialPort(e);} else {closeSerialPort(e);}}});sendData.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {sendData(e);}});}/*** 打开串口* * @param evt* 点击事件*/private void openSerialPort(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {// 获取串口名称String commName = (String) commChoice.getSelectedItem();// 获取波特率int baudrate = 9600;String bps = (String) baudrateChoice.getSelectedItem();baudrate = Integer.parseInt(bps);// 检查串口名称是否获取正确if (commName == null || commName.equals("")) {ShowUtils.warningMessage("没有搜索到有效串口！");} else {try {serialport = SerialPortManager.openPort(commName, baudrate);if (serialport != null) {dataView.setText("串口已打开" + "\r\n");serialPortOperate.setText("关闭串口");}} catch (SerialPortParameterFailure e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NotASerialPort e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchPort e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (PortInUse e) {e.printStackTrace();ShowUtils.warningMessage("串口已被占用！");}}try {SerialPortManager.addListener(serialport, new SerialListener());} catch (TooManyListeners e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 关闭串口* * @param evt* 点击事件*/private void closeSerialPort(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {SerialPortManager.closePort(serialport);dataView.setText("串口已关闭" + "\r\n");serialPortOperate.setText("打开串口");}/*** 发送数据* * @param evt* 点击事件*/private void sendData(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {// 输入框直接输入十六进制字符，长度必须是偶数String data = dataInput.getText().toString();try {SerialPortManager.sendToPort(serialport,ByteUtils.hexStr2Byte(data));} catch (SendDataToSerialPortFailure e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (SerialPortOutputStreamCloseFailure e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private class SerialListener implements SerialPortEventListener {/*** 处理监控到的串口事件*/public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent serialPortEvent) {switch (serialPortEvent.getEventType()) {case SerialPortEvent.BI: // 10 通讯中断ShowUtils.errorMessage("与串口设备通讯中断");break;case SerialPortEvent.OE: // 7 溢位（溢出）错误case SerialPortEvent.FE: // 9 帧错误case SerialPortEvent.PE: // 8 奇偶校验错误case SerialPortEvent.CD: // 6 载波检测case SerialPortEvent.CTS: // 3 清除待发送数据case SerialPortEvent.DSR: // 4 待发送数据准备好了case SerialPortEvent.RI: // 5 振铃指示case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY: // 2 输出缓冲区已清空break;case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE: // 1 串口存在可用数据byte[] data = null;try {if (serialport == null) {ShowUtils.errorMessage("串口对象为空！监听失败！");} else {// 读取串口数据data = SerialPortManager.readFromPort(serialport);dataView.append(ByteUtils.byteArrayToHexString(data,true) + "\r\n");}} catch (Exception e) {ShowUtils.errorMessage(e.toString());// 发生读取错误时显示错误信息后退出系统System.exit(0);}break;}}}public static void main(String args[]) {java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {new MainFrame().setVisible(true);}});}}
5.最后
Demo下载
GitHub下载地址
转载大神文章 @容华谢后
