实现功能：
显示时间、日期和星期断电保存时间通过按钮设置时间、日期整点响铃自定义闹钟显示温度自定义报警温度按键功能：按选择键进入设置时间功能；同时按 + - 键进入闹钟和报警温度设置功能；再按选择键光标跳动，光标跳到哪当前的参数即可通过加减键修改。
实验所需器件：
Arduino开发板或Atmega328P芯片、DS1302时钟芯片、温度传感器DS18b20、蜂鸣器、不带锁开关、LCD1602、10K可调电阻、10K电阻（可不接，即DS18b20端口的电阻可去掉，不影响读数）
Proteus ISIS 仿真图：
依赖库下载:
DS1302
OneWire
DallasTemperature
依赖库的安装方法，如不清楚，可以参考官方文档《安装其他的Arduino库》
实物图：
程序如下：
/* * * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12* LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11* LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5* LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4* LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3* LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2* LCD R/W pin to ground* LCD VSS pin to ground* LCD VCC pin to 5V * */#include <DS1302.h> #include <LiquidCrystal.h> //LCD1602显示头文件#include <OneWire.h> #include <DallasTemperature.h> //温度传感器DS18B20头文件#define ONE_WIRE_BUS A3 //DS18B20 信号端口 OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS); DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2); #define choose A0 //选择端口#define add A1//加#define minus A2 //减#define Tone 13//蜂鸣器端口uint8_t CE_PIN = 8; //DS1302 RST端口uint8_t IO_PIN = 9; //DS1302 DAT端口uint8_t SCLK_PIN = 10; //DS1302 CLK端口DS1302 rtc(CE_PIN, IO_PIN, SCLK_PIN); //创建 DS1302 对象unsigned long seconds;int s = 0, m = 0, h = 0, d = 0, mon = 0, y = 0; //时间进位int second = 0, minute = 0, hour = 0, day = 0, month = 0, year = 0; //当前时间int SECOND = 0, MINUTE = 0, HOUR = 0, DAY = 0, MONTH = 0, YEAR = 0; //初始时间int chose = 0, alarm_choose = 0 ,ButtonDelay = 10, frequence = 2093;int alarm_hour = 7, alarm_minute = 30, alarm_second = 0; //闹钟时间double Temperatures, Temp_Alarm = 30 ; void setup(){for(int i = 2;i <= 13; i++){pinMode(i,OUTPUT); }digitalWrite(add, HIGH);digitalWrite(minus, HIGH);digitalWrite(choose, HIGH); lcd.begin(16, 2); //初始化LCD1602 sensors.begin(); //初始化温度传感器DS18B20 //Time t(, 5, 16, 0, 2, 20, 1); //rtc.time(t); //设置DS1302芯片初始时间//由于当初遗留的一些问题，本方案有些不完美。我这里使用的方案是通电读取DS1302芯片的时间，然后再根据运行时间让时间走动。//如果对时间精确性比较敏感，可以改成始终从DS1302芯片读取时间。set(rtc.year(), rtc.month(), rtc.date(), rtc.hour(), rtc.minutes(), rtc.seconds()); rtc.write_protect(false); // 关闭DS1302芯片写保护rtc.halt(false); //为true时DS1302暂停}/** 格式化输出 */void FormatDisplay(int col, int row,int num){lcd.setCursor(col, row); if(num < 10) lcd.print("0");lcd.print(num); }/** 计算时间 */void time() {second = (SECOND + seconds) % 60; //计算秒m = (SECOND + seconds) / 60; //分钟进位FormatDisplay(6,1,second);minute = (MINUTE + m) % 60; //计算分钟h = (MINUTE + m) / 60; //小时进位FormatDisplay(3,1,minute);hour = (HOUR + h) % 24; //计算小时d = (HOUR + h) / 24;//天数进位FormatDisplay(0,1,hour); lcd.setCursor(2, 1); lcd.print(":"); lcd.setCursor(5, 1); lcd.print(":"); }/** 根据年月计算当月天数 */int Days(int year, int month){int days = 0;if (month != 2){switch(month){case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 8: case 10: case 12: days = 31; break;case 4: case 6: case 9: case 11: days = 30; break;}}else{//闰年 if(year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0){days = 29;} else{days = 28; }} return days; }/** 计算当月天数 */ void Day(){int days = Days(year,month);int days_up;if(month == 1){days_up = Days(year - 1, 12); } else{days_up = Days(year, month - 1);} day = (DAY + d) % days;if(day == 0){day = days; }if((DAY + d) == days + 1 ){DAY -= days;mon++;}if((DAY + d) == 0){DAY += days_up;mon--;}FormatDisplay(8,0,day); }/** 计算月份 */void Month(){month = (MONTH + mon) % 12;if(month == 0){month = 12;} y = (MONTH + mon - 1) / 12;FormatDisplay(5,0,month); lcd.setCursor(7, 0); lcd.print('-'); }/** 计算年份 */void Year(){year = ( YEAR + y ) % 9999;if(year == 0){year = 9999;} lcd.setCursor(0, 0); if(year < 1000){lcd.print("0"); }if(year < 100){lcd.print("0"); }if(year < 10){lcd.print("0"); }lcd.print(year);lcd.setCursor(4, 0); lcd.print('-'); }/** 根据年月日计算星期几 */void Week(int y,int m, int d){if(m == 1){m = 13;}if(m == 2){m = 14;} int week = (d+2*m+3*(m+1)/5+y+y/4-y/100+y/400)%7+1; String weekstr = "";switch(week){case 1: weekstr = "Mon. "; break;case 2: weekstr = "Tues. "; break;case 3: weekstr = "Wed. "; break;case 4: weekstr = "Thur. "; break;case 5: weekstr = "Fri. "; break;case 6: weekstr = "Sat. "; break;case 7: weekstr = "Sun. "; break;} lcd.setCursor(11, 0); lcd.print(weekstr);}/** 显示时间、日期、星期 */void Display() {time();Day(); Month();Year();Week(year,month,day); }/** 显示光标 */void DisplayCursor(int rol, int row) {lcd.setCursor(rol, row); lcd.cursor();delay(100);lcd.noCursor();delay(100); }/** 设置初始时间 */void set(int y, int mon, int d, int h, int m, int s){YEAR = y;MONTH = mon;DAY = d; HOUR = h;MINUTE = m;SECOND = s; }/** 通过按键设置时间 */void Set_Time(int rol, int row, int &Time){DisplayCursor(rol, row); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){Time ++;} Display();} if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){Time --; } Display(); }}/** 按键选择 */void Set_Clock(){if(digitalRead(choose)==LOW){lcd.setCursor(9, 1); lcd.print("SetTime");while(1){if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(choose) ==LOW){chose++; }} seconds = millis()/1000; Display(); if(chose == 1){Set_Time(1, 1, HOUR);//SetHour}else if(chose == 2){Set_Time(4, 1, MINUTE); //SetMinute}else if(chose == 3){Set_Time(7, 1, SECOND); //SetSecond}else if(chose == 4){Set_Time(9, 0, DAY); //SetDay}else if(chose == 5){Set_Time(6, 0, MONTH);// SetMonth}else if(chose == 6){Set_Time(3, 0, YEAR);//SetYear}else if(chose >= 7) {chose = 0; break;}}} }/** 设置闹钟小时 */void Set_Alarm_Hour(){DisplayCursor(1, 1); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){alarm_hour ++;if(alarm_hour == 24){alarm_hour = 0;} FormatDisplay(0,1,alarm_hour); }}if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){alarm_hour --;if(alarm_hour == -1){alarm_hour = 23;} FormatDisplay(0,1,alarm_hour); }}}/** 设置闹钟分钟 */void Set_Alarm_Minute(){DisplayCursor(4, 1); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW) {delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){alarm_minute ++;if(alarm_minute == 60){alarm_minute = 0;} FormatDisplay(3,1,alarm_minute); }}if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){alarm_minute --;if(alarm_minute == -1){alarm_minute = 59;} FormatDisplay(3,1,alarm_minute); } } }/** 设置报警温度 */void Set_Alarm_Temp(){DisplayCursor(10, 1); if(digitalRead(add) == LOW) {delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(add) == LOW){Temp_Alarm ++; } }if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(minus) == LOW){Temp_Alarm --; } }}/** 进入报警设置 */void Set_Alarm(){if(digitalRead(add) == LOW && digitalRead(minus) == LOW){alarm_hour = hour;alarm_minute = minute;//alarm_choose = 1;lcd.setCursor(0, 0); lcd.print("set alarm "); lcd.setCursor(6, 1); lcd.print("00"); //闹钟秒数while(1){if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){delay(ButtonDelay);if(digitalRead(choose) == LOW){alarm_choose++; }}lcd.setCursor(9, 1); lcd.print(Temp_Alarm);lcd.setCursor(14, 1); lcd.print((char)223); //显示o符号lcd.setCursor(15, 1); lcd.print("C");//显示字母Cif(alarm_choose == 1){Set_Alarm_Hour();}else if(alarm_choose == 2){Set_Alarm_Minute(); }else if(alarm_choose == 3){Set_Alarm_Temp(); }else if(alarm_choose >= 4){alarm_choose = 0;break;} }}} /** 正点蜂鸣 */void Point_Time_Alarm(){if(minute == 0 && second == 0){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(500);noTone(Tone); } }/** 闹钟 指定时间蜂鸣 */void Clock_Alarm(){if(hour == alarm_hour && minute == alarm_minute && second == alarm_second){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(5000);noTone(Tone); }} /** 获取DS18B20温度 */void GetTemperatures(){sensors.requestTemperatures(); // Send the command to get temperaturesTemperatures = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);lcd.setCursor(9, 1) ; lcd.print(Temperatures); //获取温度lcd.setCursor(14, 1); lcd.print((char)223); //显示o符号lcd.setCursor(15, 1); lcd.print("C"); //显示字母C}/** 超过指定温度报警 */void Temperatures_Alarm(){if(Temperatures >= Temp_Alarm){tone(Tone,frequence); delay(500);noTone(Tone); }}void loop() {seconds = millis()/1000; //获取单片机当前运行时间 Display(); //显示时间Set_Clock();//设置时间 Set_Alarm();//设置闹钟Point_Time_Alarm(); //正点蜂鸣Clock_Alarm(); //闹钟时间蜂鸣GetTemperatures();//获取DS18B20温度Temperatures_Alarm(); //超过指定温度报警Time t(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, 1); //断电将单片机的当前时间写到DS1302芯片中rtc.time(t);}
