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【专题导读】
定语从句是中学英语语法中的重点内容，也是中考中常考查的一个考点。定语从句，顾名思义，就是在整个句子中充当定语的句子，它的作用就是用来修饰和限定名词的。
宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，每年江苏省市的中考题都能渉及到这方面的题型，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。
【中考要求】
定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目，同时也是江苏各地中考英语的一个常考考点。纵观近年来各地的中考英语试题，定语从句的主要考点集中在两个方面：一是考查指物的关系代词的用法，二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外，它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面，但相对考得比较少。
宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。
1.【 • 江苏省淮安市】The charities have helped more children with the money___________ people raise.
A. whoB. whatC. whereD. which
【答案】D
【解析】句意：慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词，先行词是人；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. where关系副词，在定语从句中做状语；D. which关系代词，先行词是物。people raise修饰the money，先行词是物，关系词用which引导。根据题意，故选D。
2. 【 • 江苏省宿迁市】—What did Mr. Wang ask you just now?
—He asked me ___________ yesterday afternoon.
A. why I am absent from schoolB. Why I was absent from school
C. why am I absent from schoolD. why was I absent from school
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——王先生刚才问你什么?——他问我昨天下午为什么没来上学。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，根CD两项都是疑问句语序，可排除。yesterday afternoon昨天下午，用于一般过去时；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。
3.【 • 江苏省泰州市】—Next Friday is my mother’s birthday. I’m thinking about ___________.
—Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her.
A. what present I gave herB. how I can give her a surprise
C. if I planned a party for herD. where will my family have a big meal
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——下星期五是我母亲的生日。我在想怎么给她一个惊喜。——好孩子！请代我向她致以最良好的祝愿。本题考查宾语从句。注意时态和语序。根据Next Friday is my mother’s birthday. 和I’m thinking about ______. 可知，本题的时态为一般将来时或一般现在时，选项A/C是一般过去时，因此时态不对，排除；选项D的语序不对，应该用陈述句的语序。选项B的意思是：我怎么样才能给她一个惊喜。这个惊喜是将要给的。故选B。
4. 【 • 江苏省连云港市】—Excuse me, I’m afraid we’re lost. Could you tell us ___________?
—Sure. Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you’ll see it.
A. how can I get to Wanda Shopping MallB. where Wanda Shopping Mall is
C. how far is Wanda Shopping MallD. where is Wanda Shopping Mall
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，恐怕我迷路了，你能告诉我万达购物广场在哪里吗？——当然，沿着街道走大约15分钟，然后你就能看到它＂。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，且根据Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you’ll see it可知，应问＂万达广场在哪里＂，故选B。
5.【 • 江苏省淮安市】Excuse me, could you tell me ___________?
A. when he was bornB. how far is it from here
C. what does he look likeD. where he leaves for yesterday
【答案】A
【解析】句意：打扰一下，请你告诉我他出生在什么时候好吗？根据题意可知是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BC；选项D时间状语是yesterday用一般过去时态，排除D。根据题意，故选A。
6. 【 • 江苏省南京市】—I wonder ___________.
—Someone who can make me a better person.
A. when you often meet your friendsB. how you make your friends happy
C. who you want to make friends withD. where you spend weekends with friends
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我想知道你想和谁交朋友。——能使我成为更好的人的人。根据答语"能使我成为更好的人的人"，可知问句应该是在询问人，A项询问时间；B项询问方式；D项询问地点，都不对，只有C项在询问人。故选C。
7. 【 • 江苏省镇江市】—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?
—I don’t think ____________.
A. if it comes trueB. that it will come true
C. why it will come trueD. how does it come true
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你认为人类能在火星上生活吗？——我认为这是不能实现的。if it comes true它是否是真的；that it will come true它会成真的；why it will come true它为什么会成真；how does it come true它是怎样成真的。根据对话的意思可知，这里应表示说话人对这个问题的观点，A、C和D意思不对，宾语从句的引导词应该用that，故选B。
8. 【 • 江苏省无锡市】You’ve no idea ____________ to build a new airport. Let me tell you, young man. That’s billions of dollars!
A. how much it will cost.B. how long it will take us
C. how much will it costD. how long will it take us
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你不知道建一个新机场要花多少钱。让我告诉你，年轻人。那是数十亿美元！本题考查同位语从句。同位语从句要用陈述句的语序，因此排除C/D；根据That’s billions of dollars! 那是数十亿美元！可知，上文应该问的是建一个新机场要花多少钱。而不是多长时间。故选A。
9. 【 • 江苏省南通市】—Could you please tell me ____________?
—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A. if the scarf looked nice on meB. what’s the new product like
C. that Guilin is worth visitingD. how I can order a robot online
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人吗？——很高兴。请稍等。这里是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B，这里是问句不能用that引导，排除C，Could you please tell me是一般现在是时态，从句用一般现在时态，排除A。根据题意，故选D。
10. 【 • 江苏省常州】-Could you tell me ___________ the music?
- He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.
A. how he madeB. how did he make
C. why he madeD. why did he make
【答案】A
【解析】句意：— —你能告诉我他是怎么做音乐的吗？ — —他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，故排除B/D；根据答语He used traditional Chinese music art and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell. 他使用中国传统音乐艺术和中国古代钟的声音。可知，这里介绍了他制作音乐的方式。因此用how来提问。故选A。
11. 【 • 江苏省南京】-Excuse me, I"m afraid we"re lost. Could you tell us __________?
-Sure. Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you"ll see it.
A. how can I get to Wanda Shopping MallB. where Wanda Shopping Mall is
C. how far is Wanda Shopping MallD. where is Wanda Shopping Mall
【答案】B
【解析】句意“-打扰一下，恐怕我迷路了，你能告诉我万达购物广场在哪里吗？-当然，沿着街道走大约15分钟，然后你就能看到它”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，且根据Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you"ll see it可知，应问“万达广场在哪里”，故选B。
12.【江苏省镇江市中考一模】— Mary, do you know _________?
— Oh, he is a doctor. I once went to him to fix my teeth.
A．where John is fromB．how John is doing
C．who John isD．what John is
【答案】D
【解析】句意：玛丽，你知道约翰是做什么工作的吗？哦，他是医生。我曾经去他那儿修过牙。依据文中他是医生可知是询问职业。what be sb？是询问别人职业的句型之一。Mary, do you know _________? know后接的是宾语从句要用陈述句的语序， 故选D。
13.【江苏省扬州市邗江区中考一模】—Could you tell me ________?
—Rome was not built in a day. Practice makes perfect.
A．how can I speak English wellB．where can I speak English well
C．why I should speak English wellD．what I can do to speak English well
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能讲好英语吗？——冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。熟能生巧。
考查宾语从句。how can I speak English well我怎样说好英语，特殊疑问句；where can I speak English well我在哪里说好英语，特殊疑问句；why I should speak English well为什么我应该说好英语；what I can do to speak English well为了说好英语我能做什么？根据宾语从句用陈述语序，可知排除AB；根据下文“Rome was not built in a day. Practice makes perfect.”可知此处在问“说好英语怎样做”。根据题意，故选D。
14.【江苏省扬州市广陵区中考一模】An explosion(爆炸) happened in Xiangshui, Yancheng on March 21. People wondered________.
A．that why it happenedB．what caused the terrible accident
C．how many people are killed in the accidentD．how did the government help solve the problem
【答案】B
【解析】句意：盐城响水3月21日发生爆炸。人们想知道是什么造成了这场可怕的事故。
考查宾语从句，观察句子，这是一个宾语从句，应用陈述语气，先排除D；选项A有两个引导词that和why，故也排除；wondered为过去时，那么从句也应该用过去式，选项C为一般现在时，排除C，故选B。
15.【江苏省盐城市中考一模】Could you tell me___________?
A．how long it takes to drive to Suqian
B．how long it took to drive to Suqian
C．how long does it takes to drive to Suqian
D．how long did it take to drive to Suqian
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你能告诉我开车到宿迁要多久？tell后是宾语从句，how long作为引导词，后加陈述句语序，故排除C和D，主句是希望能得到肯定的回答，故从句不受时态限制，表达的是客观事实用一般现在时，故排除B，故选A。
16. 【江苏省盐城市建湖县汇文实验初中教育集团九年级下学期学情调研】--What did he ask on the phone just now?
--He wanted to know ___________.
A．when the meeting will startB．what I was going to say at the next meeting
C．how long would the meeting lastD．who is the host of the meeting
【答案】B
【解析】句意：---他刚才在电话上让你做什么？---他想知道在下次会议上我将说什么？本题考查宾语从句的用法，注意时态要和主句的时态保持一致，从句必须用陈述语序。结合句意，故选B.
17. 【江苏省宿迁市中考一模】一Have you watched the documentary about SIP? —Yes, it"s great. It shows ________.
A．what has the government built in open spaces
B．how people"s living conditions have been improved
C．if SIP is a wonderful place to live or not
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你看过关于SIP的纪录片吗？——是的，太棒了，它表明人们的生活条件是如何改善的。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语”，排除A，由所给空前面的it shows可知，应该是人们的生活条件是如何改善的，排除C，故选B。
18.【江苏省无锡市中考一模】-Dad, do you know ___________ return from Beijing? I miss her very much.
-Maybe next Sunday
A．how will MumB．when will Mum.C．how Mum willD．when Mum will
【答案】D
【解析】句意：爸爸，你知道妈妈什么时候从北京回来吗？我非常想她。也许下星期天吧。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序。首先从语序上判断，选项A B是疑问语序被排除。how怎么样；when什么时候。依据答语Maybe next Sunday也许下个星期天吧可知，故选D。
19.【江苏省苏州市中考一模】一Can you tell me ________?
一I must ask my mom. She may let me do homework at home.
A．if will you come to my birthday partyB．how will you come to my birthday party
C．if you will come to my birthday partyD．how you will come to my birthday party
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你是否会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——我必须问我妈妈。她可能让我在家做作业。考查宾语从句。根据语境可知此题考查宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据下文“I must ask my mom. She may let me do homework at home.”可知此处是在问“你是否来参加我的聚会”。用if引导的宾语从句。根据题意，故选C。
20. 【江苏省南京市中考一模】—The light in Kate’s bedroom is still on. Do you know________ ?
—In order to prepare for tomorrow’s speech.
A．why is she so busyB．why she stays up so late
C．what does she work forD．when she will stop working
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——凯特卧室的灯还亮着。你知道她为什么熬夜到这么晚吗？——为了准备明天的演讲。
本题考查宾语从句。A. why is she so busy她为什么这么忙，B. why she stays up so late她为什么熬夜，C. what does she work for她为了什么工作，D. when she will stop working她何时停止工作。宾语从句用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，排除AC两项。根据In order to prepare for tomorrow’s speech.可知，此处询问原因，故选B。
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