学校教育的目的不仅是向学生传授知识和解决他们的困惑，而且还激发他们的学习兴趣并使他们享受学习的乐趣。基于这种思想，建筑师以“享乐”为主题，从建筑的角度出发，满足满足愉悦空间的两个条件：第一个是由“独立世界”的封闭带来的空间归属感，第二个是是最大程度地共享教学资源和扩大校园活动空间，即所谓的最大宣传度。以“享乐”为主题，提出“享乐庭院”的空间概念模式。
The purpose of school education is not only to teach students the knowledge and solve their confusion but also to stimulate their interest in learning and to make them enjoy it. Based on that thought, architects take 'Enjoyment' as the theme and carry out two conditions from the point of architectural view to satisfy enjoyable space: The first is sense of space belonging which is brought by the enclosure of 'independent world', the second is the maximum sharing of teaching resources and expansion of campus activity space, that is called maximum publicity. Based on the theme of 'Enjoyment', the spatial concept mode of 'Enjoyable Courtyard' is proposed.
在这种情况下，采用反映设计师在建筑教育中思想的“庭院模式”的设计方法。庭院模式的方法是在场地边界处布置建筑物的功能实体，以在该庭院中实现最大的公共区域。在学校的这种设计中，将教室，行政办公室等适当地放置在场地边界周围，以形成内部庭院，并在其中布置大型公共房间。因此，公共庭院成为学校空间模式的核心。通过这种方法形成的“院子”不是一个简单的被体积包围的大院子，而是一个由混合学校系统和几个小主题院子组合而成的令人愉悦的学习院子。
The design method of 'Courtyard Mode' which reflects designers' thinking in architectural education is adopted in this case. The way of courtyard mode is to arrange the building's functional entities at the boundary of the site to accomplish the maximum public area in this courtyard. In this design of the school, classrooms, administrative offices, etc. are put around the boundary of the site appropriately to form the courtyard inside and large public rooms are arranged in it. Thus the public courtyard is made as a core of school space mode. The 'courtyard' formed by this method is not a simple large yard enclosed by volume, but an enjoyable learning courtyard combined by a hybrid school system and several small themed yards. This mode is similar to WeiQi (A kind of Chinese traditional chess) in that it encloses the largest area of public space with the least building functional entities.
项目创新。 “庭院”的建筑设计方式具有三个优点：
1.这种方式带来了最大的可共享学校空间和最高的空间利用率。
2.由于采用院落模式，学校的城市形象是完整而独特的。形成了一个完整的面向城市的显示界面。
3.庭院模式在内部形成强烈的空间归属感和安全感，并改善空间体验和用户感知度。因为院子模式不仅可以解决这种情况下的严格要求，而且具有其不可替代的优势，所以建筑师选择了这种模式，并添加了“享受”的主题元素，从而形成了永江学校愉快的学习型院子。
Project Innovation. The architectural design way of 'Courtyard' has three advantages:
1. This way brings the maximum sharable school space and the highest space utilization.
2. Due to the courtyard mode, the school's city image is complete and unique. A complete display interface is formed to face the city.
3. The courtyard mode forms a strong sense of spatial belonging and security internally and improves spatial experience and perception of users. Because the courtyard mode not only can solve the strict requirements in this case but also has its irreplaceable advantages, architects choose this mode and add the theme element of 'Enjoyment' to form the enjoyable learning courtyard in Yongjiang School.
设计挑战。 每种模式都会带来不可避免的问题，庭院模式也不例外。这种设计面临三个挑战：
第一个是封闭感。为了解决这个问题，底层的开销被用来减少建筑物的体积。然后，打开建筑物的四个角和四个侧面以面向城市。
Design Challenges. Each mode will come with its unavoidable problems and the courtyard mode is not an exception. This design faces three challenges:
The first is a sense of closure. In order to solve this problem, the underlying overhead is used to reduce the building's volume. Then, four corners and four sides of the building are opened to face the city.
第二个问题是西方的阳光。在四合院模式的封闭布局中，建筑物的一部分必须朝向不良，这会带来西方的阳光问题。建筑师使用“折纸”立面作为垂直阴影，并根据当地的夏至方位角计算金属百叶窗的角度和间距大小。因此，合理安排垂直阴影以解决西方阳光的问题。
The second problem is the western sunshine. In the enclosed layout of the courtyard mode, there must be a part of the building in a poor orientation which brings western sunlight problems. Architects use the 'Origami' façade as vertical shading and calculate the angle and spacing size of the metal louvers according to the local summer solstice azimuth. Therefore, the vertical shading is arranged reasonably to solve the problem of western sunlight.
第三，缺乏空间层次。为了避免院子规模大，空洞化的情况，我们通过将“一个大院子+四个小院子”的空间和多层次的公共流通相叠加来消除这个问题。
Third, there is lacking of a spatial hierarchy. In order to avoid the situation of the courtyard's large scale and hollowness, we eliminate this problem by superimposing the space of 'one big courtyard + four small yards' and the common circulation at multiple levels.
项目信息
Architects: DC Alliance
Area:29500.0 m²
Year:
Photographs:
Xing Zhi Ying Xiang, Pan Gao, Zhi Xia
Manufacturers: 立邦, 吉祥, XIN ZHONG YUAN
Design Team: Yi Dong, Pan Gao, Weiwei He, Jia Zhang, Rong Xiao, Jiawei Hou
Green Building Measures. Materials for the wall: Ceramsite concrete composite block 200mm, Inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation mortar type C
Stilt floor and overhanging plates: Mineral wool felt plate 35mm
Roof: XPS 100mm B1
Window: Low-E
内容转自：梅饮雪飞凤
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