ps图层蒙版和矢量蒙版
操纵层 (Manipulating Layers)
Now, as I look at the picture, I decide that I don’t like the way the fade “hides” part of that tulip. In fact, I want to somehow move the whole picture “up,” but leave the gradient the same. The beautiful thing about layer masks is that this is possible!
现在，当我看图片时，我决定不喜欢该郁金香的“隐藏”部分的方式。 实际上，我想以某种方式将整个图片“向上”移动，但将渐变保持不变。 关于图层蒙版的美丽之处在于这是可能的！
A quick word about the wrong way to achieve this effect: It would have been just as easy (and saved a few steps) to set the gradient tool to a white-to-transparent gradient, then add a white gradient to the bottom of the picture layer. The problem with this approach is that the white gradient becomes a permanent part of your picture. You can’t move the picture or the gradient around and, if you decide you don’t like the gradient several steps down the road, you can’t get rid of it without losing any other changes that you’ve made. All of this should convince you that layer masks are awesome!
关于实现此效果的错误方法的简短说明：将渐变工具设置为从白色到透明的渐变，然后将白色渐变添加到渐变的底部一样简单(并节省了一些步骤)。图片层。 这种方法的问题是白色渐变成为图片的永久部分。 您不能随意移动图片或渐变色，并且，如果您决定不喜欢渐变色，请在不丢失任何其他更改的情况下摆脱它。 所有这一切都应该使您确信图层蒙版很棒！
Back to the how-to: in the Layers palette, you’ll see a little “link” icon that connects the picture to the layer mask. Click the link icon to “unlink” the picture and layer mask.
回到操作方法：在“图层”调板中，您将看到一个小的“链接”图标，用于将图片连接到图层蒙版。 单击链接图标以“取消链接”图片和图层蒙版。
Click once on the picture in the Layers Palette so that you can be sure you’re working with the picture itself, not the layer mask. Then, choose the Move tool (or simply use the keyboard shortcut and type “v”).
单击“图层调板”中的图片，以确保您正在使用图片本身，而不是图层蒙版。 然后，选择“移动”工具(或直接使用键盘快捷键并键入“ v”)。
Click somewhere within the document, hold the mouse button down, and drag your mouse to move the layer around. I moved the tulip up to fill most of the picture.
单击文档内的某个位置，按住鼠标按钮不放，然后拖动鼠标以移动图层。 我向上移动了郁金香以填满大部分图片。
Note that this step can only really happen if your picture is actually larger than the canvas size. Recall that the pasted-in picture was 300×400 pixels wide, while our actual document canvas size is 200×300 pixels.
请注意，只有当您的图片实际上大于画布大小时，此步骤才能真正发生。 回想一下，粘贴的图片为300×400像素宽，而我们的实际文档画布大小为200×300像素。
Finally, add the text, select “save the picture for Web,” and email it to your supervisor.
最后，添加文本，选择“将图片保存为Web”，然后通过电子邮件发送给您的主管。
Here’s an extra tip. What if you want the image to blend into a site that has a different background color? The answer is simple — use the paint bucket to fill in the Background layer with your desired color. Another beautiful aspect of layer masks is that they change the actual transparency of parts of the image, so you can overlay the picture on any background! The picture below shows the colored Background layer, and our perfectly fading tulip and ad copy.
这是一个额外的提示。 如果您希望将图像融合到具有不同背景颜色的站点中怎么办？ 答案很简单-使用油漆桶将所需的颜色填充到Background层中。 图层蒙版的另一个美丽方面是它们可以更改图像各部分的实际透明度，因此您可以将图片覆盖在任何背景上！ 下图显示了彩色的Background层，以及我们褪色的郁金香和广告文案。
刷到一层面膜 (Brush Your Way To a Layer Mask)
“I love it!” exclaims your supervisor. But, five minutes later, he’s back with a glum face. “The marketing department wants something with a person in it,” he says. “A happy person.”
“我喜欢它！” 叫你的主管。 但是，五分钟后，他带着忧郁的表情回来了。 他说：“市场部门希望有人参与其中。” “一个快乐的人。”
“Not a problem,” you respond. “I have just the photo — and the layer mask know-how!”
您回答：“没问题。” “我只有照片-以及图层蒙版知识！”
In this second project, you’ll learn how to use the airbrush tool on a layer mask for delectable results. The end-product will look something like this:
在第二个项目中，您将学习如何在图层蒙版上使用喷枪工具以获得可观的效果。 最终产品将如下所示：
We start with a picture of an excited shopper on its own layer, with a layer mask already applied. I want to hide the faint lettering above her hands, and fade out the right side to make way for my great advertising copy. Because the shape of the woman and shopping bags doesn’t match well with a straight gradient, I decide to use the brush tool for a more organic fading effect.
我们从一张激动的购物者在自己的图层上的图片开始，其中已经应用了图层蒙版。 我想将淡淡的文字隐藏在她的手上，然后淡出右侧以为我的精美广告文案让路。 由于女人和购物袋的形状与直线渐变不太匹配，因此我决定使用笔刷工具获得更自然的褪色效果。
To start, select the brush tool from the tool palette. You may use the keyboard shortcut “b” to toggle between the brush and pencil tools.
首先，从工具面板中选择画笔工具。 您可以使用键盘快捷键“ b”在画笔和铅笔工具之间切换。
In the Brush toolbar, click on the brush type dropdown and choose a suitable soft-edged brush. I chose the 100-pixel diameter brush.
在“画笔”工具栏中，单击画笔类型下拉菜单，然后选择合适的软边画笔。 我选择了直径100像素的画笔。
Then, start painting the edges of the picture’s layer mask — with a black foreground, of course — to “hide” part of the picture.
然后，开始绘制图片图层蒙版的边缘(当然带有黑色前景)以“隐藏”图片的一部分。
处理图片 (Manipulating the Picture)
As I look at the result, I decide that the picture of the excited shopper is a little too big, as the final picture needs to have a bar of text across the top. To shrink the picture without shrinking the layer mask, first unlink the picture and layer mask by clicking on the link icon in the Layers Palette.
当我查看结果时，我决定兴奋的购物者的图片太大了，因为最终的图片顶部需要有一段文字。 要缩小图片而不缩小图层蒙版，请先通过单击“图层面板”中的链接图标来取消图片和图层蒙版的链接。
Click once on the picture in the Layers Palette to select it. Then, select the Move tool from the Tool Palette. Type Ctrl-T to “Transform” the image. Click on the corner of the picture, hold, and drag the corner down to resize the image. Hold the shift key while dragging to “constrain” the picture so that it resizes proportionately — the last thing you want is a squished shopper!
在“图层面板”中的图片上单击一次以将其选中。 然后，从“工具选项板”中选择“移动”工具。 键入Ctrl-T以“转换”图像。 单击图片的一角，按住并向下拖动一角以调整图像大小。 拖动时按住Shift键可以“约束”图片，以便按比例调整大小-您想要的最后一件事就是压碎的购物者！
After you get the picture to the desired size, double-click inside the rectangle to apply the change.
将图片放大到所需的大小后，在矩形内双击以应用更改。
The picture is now the right size, but I decide that I also want to “fade out” the shopping bags slightly so that the woman really stands out. I don’t want to hide the bags completely, so I choose a dark gray color (#4D4D4D) instead of black to paint on the layer mask. With the brush tool, I paint over the shopping bags on the layer mask, and also decide to let a little bit of the background show through. In the picture below, you can see the different shades of black, gray, and white on the layer mask.
图片现在是正确的尺寸，但我决定我也想稍微“淡出”购物袋，以使女人真正脱颖而出。 我不想完全隐藏袋子，所以我选择深灰色(＃4D4D4D)而不是黑色来在图层蒙版上绘画。 使用画笔工具，我在图层蒙版上的购物袋上绘画，并决定让背景的一部分通过。 在下面的图片中，您可以在图层蒙版上看到黑色，灰色和白色的不同阴影。
I touch up the edges of the layer mask with black paint and add my ad copy using the text tool. And, there’s the ad! I only hope the marketing department will be happy!
我用黑色涂料修饰图层蒙版的边缘，然后使用文字工具添加广告文案。 而且，有广告！ 我只希望市场部门会高兴！
准备好，开始，面具！ (Ready, Set, Mask!)
Congratulations! You now know how to use the gradient tool and the brush tool on layer masks to create fantastic Web graphics. And you’re only at the beginning of a huge range of possibilities. Here are a few suggestions as to how you might further apply your layer-masking power:
恭喜你！ 现在，您知道如何在图层蒙版上使用渐变工具和画笔工具来创建出色的Web图形。 而且，您只是处于各种可能性的开始。 以下是一些有关如何进一步应用图层掩盖功能的建议：
Create a collage of almost seamless pictures.创建几乎无缝的图片拼贴。 Photoshop a picture of yourself into a beautiful landscape or any object onto your desired backgroundPhotoshop将自己的照片变成美丽的风景或任何物体到所需的背景上 Hide unsightly background objects from photos.隐藏照片中难看的背景对象。Go to page:转到页面：1 | 1 | 22
翻译自: /photoshop-fade-layer-mask-2/
ps图层蒙版和矢量蒙版
