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爱德华·蒙克《海滨大道的早晨》(纽约苏富比)

时间:2022-02-09 19:12:45

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爱德华·蒙克《海滨大道的早晨》(纽约苏富比)

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨 MORNING ON THEPROMENADE DESANGLAIS纽约苏富比.11成交价198.65万美元

作品介绍

Gleaming with the sunlight of the Mediterranean, Munch"sdepiction of the Promenade des Anglais in Nice is one of thepivotal compositions that would foreshadow his seminal Frieze ofLife series. Painted only two years before TheScream, the present work evidences the contemporary influences atplay in Munch"s painting and his own approaches to plein airpainting. Munch completed this canvas while on apainting expedition in the south of France in 1891, whenImpressionism was still the standard bearer of French avant-gardeart. The dramatic interplay of light and shadowand the depth of visual perspective in the scene are indicative ofthe influence of Monet and Caillebotte. But theindividual figures in these pictures, each one disengaged andvacant of ex-pression, touch upon the isolation, anxiety anddistopia that were undercurrents in Munch"s most profoundcompositions. In fact, this work was featured inthe controversial exhibition of Munch"s painting in Berlin in 1892,which was shut down after one week due to public outrage over themisanthropy evidenced in his pictures.

In a recent exhibition catalogue, Jay A. Clarke describes theimpact of Munch"s experiences in France on his future development,and the resulting landscape paintings, such as the present work,that "bridged the gap between Norway and France" by combining themotif of the isolated figure with the brushwork, coloration andlight of traditional Impressionist plein airpainting. "There is no question that Munch"sexperience of French vanguard painting in Paris and elsewhere had atransforming effect on his subject matter, palette, handling ofpaint, and theoretical approach to subjectivity.One major source of inspiration was the wide array of street imagesproduced by the Impressionists. Before hisParisian trips of 1885 and 1889-91, the artist had created only afew urban views, which were relatively rare inKristiania. However, between 1889 and 1892, hemade significantly more pictures that focused on the bustlingavenues of Paris and Kristiania, experimenting with a variety ofpainting styles, chromatic effects and perspectival views, as iftrying on each one on for size" (J. A. Clarke, Becoming EdvardMunch, Influence, Anxiety, and Myth (exhibition catalogue), ArtInstitute of Chicago, , p. 40).

Munch"s first attempts at landscape painting in the late 1880spresented significant challenges; he struggled with reconciling theexperience of painting en plein air with his own emotionalresponses to the natural world.By the time he painted the present work, thelandscape itself became a backdrop of his own projections of thehuman psyche. The contemplative figure inEvening, also painted in 1891, is the personification of melancholyand loneliness, and the dim landscape is colored by these powerfulemotions. While the relationship between thefigures and the landscape in the present work is more nuanced, itprovides the provocative contrast between the frigidity and dazedisolation of the individuals and the warmth and dramatic visualsplendor of the seaside.

Munch describes the scene depicted here in his journal entryof March 1, 1891, and his account reveals the mystifying quality ofthat beautiful day and the disorienting beauty of hissurroundings; "I go out onto the Promenade desAnglais. How quiet it is -- how bright -- how clear the air is here-- how pure blue the sea. Is itSunday? I don"t know -- I haven"t counted thedays -- they pass as in a dream -- but it feels likeSunday. Only a few people are walking thismorning -- some are reading the newspaper. Thereis an old gentleman with a white parasol -- his back is ramrodstraight, his head is held proudly -- he stands quite still,looking out to sea.... Thewaves: long, sparkling in the sun, they glideslowly up the beach. Half dozing, I follow them with my eyes --till they break -- one after another. Theblinding sunlight -- the brilliant colours and the regular crashingof the waves, lulls one into a doze. The oceanseems to be an enormous, endless, breathingcreature. Its huge breast rises and falls -- Ican feel its breath. And the crashing waves arelike heavy sighs" (E. Munch , reprinted in P. E. Tojner, op. cit.,pp. 76-77).

图1

古斯塔夫·卡勒波特,欧洲之桥,1876年,布面油画,小宫殿博物馆,日内瓦

图2

Edvard Munch,TheScream,1893,国家美术馆,奥斯陆

图3

Edvard Munch,RueLayfayette,1891年,布面油画,奥斯陆国家艺术,建筑与设计博物馆

图4

Edvard Munch,忧郁(晚上),1891年,油画,粉彩和铅笔在画布上,Munch-museet,奥斯陆

参考译文

蒙克在地中海的阳光下闪闪发光,对尼斯海滨大道的描绘是其中一件关键的作品,预示着他开创性的生命之谜系列。现在的作品作于《呐喊》前仅两年,证明了蒙克的作品中的当代影响,以及他自己绘画的方式。蒙克于1891年在法国南部的一次绘画探险中完成了这幅作品,当时印象派仍然是法国前卫艺术的标准载体。光与影的戏剧性相互作用以及场景中视觉透视的深度表明了莫奈和卡勒波特的影响。但是这些作品中的个人形象,每一个都表现出空闲和悠游,触及了蒙克最深刻的作品中暗流,孤独、焦虑和远视。事实上,这件作品曾在1892年在柏林举行的有争议的蒙克画作展览中展出,由于公众对他作品中出现的厌恶事件感到愤怒,该画作在一周之后被关闭。

在最近的一个展览目录中,杰伊·A·克拉克描述了蒙克在法国的经历对他未来发展的影响,以及由此产生的山水画,如现在的作品,通过结合主题,“弥合了挪威和法国之间的差距”。孤立的人物与绘画,色彩和传统印象派空气的光绘画。“毫无疑问,蒙克在巴黎和其他地方的法国先锋绘画经历对他的主题,色调,油彩处理和主观性的理论方法产生了转变效应。灵感的一个主要来源是广泛的街头图像产生印象派画家。在他1885年和1889年至1891年的巴黎之旅之前,艺术家只创造了一些城市景观,这在克里斯蒂安尼亚相对罕见。但是,在1889年到1892年之间,他制作了更多关于熙熙攘攘的大道的图片。巴黎和克里斯蒂安尼亚,尝试各种绘画风格,色彩效果和透视视图,仿佛在尝试每一个大小“(JA克拉克,成为爱德华蒙克,影响,焦虑和神话)(展览目录),芝加哥艺术学院,,p。40)。

蒙克在19世纪80年代后期首次尝试山水画提出了重大挑战;他努力调和绘画空气的经验和他对自然世界的情感反应。当他描绘当前的作品时,景观本身成为他自己对人类心灵的预测的背景。《夜晚愁思》也是在1891年绘制的,是忧郁和寂寞的化身,昏暗的景观被这些强烈的情感所染色。虽然现在的作品中的人物与景观之间的关系更加微妙,但它提供了个人的冷酷和茫然隔离与海边的温暖和戏剧性视觉辉煌之间的挑衅对比。

蒙克在1891年3月1日的日记中描述了这里描绘的场景,他的叙述揭示了美好的一天的神秘质量和他周围的迷失美感;“我去英国大道。它是多么安静 - 多么明亮 - 这里的空气多么清澈 - 大海是多么纯净的蓝色。是星期天吗?我不知道 -我还没有算过那些日子 - 他们像在梦中一样过去 - 但感觉就像星期天。今天早上只有少数人在散步 -有些人正在看报纸。有一位老绅士带着白色的遮阳伞 - 他的后背是直的ramrod他的头骄傲地站着 -他静静地站着,望着大海......海浪:长长的,在阳光下闪闪发光,它们慢慢滑向海滩。半打瞌睡,我用眼睛跟着它们 -直到他们一个接一个地打破了。令人目眩的阳光 -绚丽的色彩和波浪的常规撞击,让人陷入瞌睡之中。海洋似乎是一个巨大的,无尽的呼吸生物。巨大的乳房起伏不定 -我能感受到它的呼吸。崩溃的浪潮就像沉重的叹息一样“(E. Munch,转载于PE Tojner,上,cit,p76-77)。

作品细节

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS局部

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS局部

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS局部

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS局部

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS局部

爱德华·蒙克海滨大道的早晨 MORNING ON THEPROMENADE DES ANGLAIS局部

画家简介

爱德华·蒙克(EdvardMunch,1863-1944),挪威表现主义画家、版画复制匠,现代表现主义绘画的先驱。爱德华·蒙克的绘画多以生命、死亡、恋爱、恐怖和寂寞等为题材,带有强烈的主观性和悲伤压抑的情调。他用对比强烈的线条、色块、简洁概括夸张的造型,抒发自己的感受和情绪,他的画风是德国和中欧的表现主义形成的前奏,他对心理苦闷的强烈的、呼唤式的处理手法对20世纪初德国表现主义的成长产生了主要影响。

爱德华·蒙克出生于挪威雷登,在奥斯陆长大。幼年丧母,姐姐被肺病夺去生命,妹妹患病,童年时代的不幸对爱德华·蒙克一生的创作有深刻的影响。1885年,爱德华·蒙克前往巴黎。他在研究印象主义画法的基础上,转而对后印象主义和纳比派发生兴趣。1892年,蒙克接受邀请,参加柏林艺术家联盟的画展,他的绘画作品成了苦涩的争论对象,形成了具有独特风格的综合派原始画风。1909年爱德华·蒙克回到挪威,更多地表现出对大自然的兴趣,他的作品变得更富于色彩,减少了悲观的成分。在纳粹统治期间,爱德华·蒙克的作品被贴上了“颓废艺术”的标签,从德国的各个美术馆撤下。但他对德国青年画家产生了很大刺激,推动了表现主义运动的产生。

爱德华·蒙克的绘画尽管风格上是后期印象派的,但在主题上却是象征派的,爱德华·蒙克的绘画内容在于刻画内心世界而不是外在现实。爱德华·蒙克的作品笔触大胆奔放、色彩艳丽丰富,但却给人强烈的刺激感,充满着紧张不安、压抑悲伤的情绪。他所描绘的世界是人类复杂的内心世界,他刻意表现死亡、忧郁和孤独,描写上世纪末的艺术家在充满矛盾与痛苦的现实中,其孤独的心灵对人生产生的怀疑和焦虑。

艺术史家称爱德华·蒙克为“世纪末”的艺术家,因为他的作品反映了欧洲整整一代人的生活面貌。在爱德华·蒙克生活的时代,再没有别的艺术能够像他那样深入到人的灵魂之中,把那心灵的美与丑一并展现给世人。也没有人敢于像他那样赤裸裸地描写人类本能的丑恶,使善良与罪恶并存,让美丽与丑陋共生。

1944年1月23日,爱德华·蒙克于奥斯陆附近的艾可利逝世。他向奥斯陆捐赠了1000幅油画、15400张版画、4500件素描和水彩画,还有6件雕刻作品。后来为纪念爱德华·蒙克,奥斯陆专门建造了蒙克博物馆。

(阴山工作室编写)

作品资料

Edvard Munch

MORGEN PÅ PROMENADE DES ANGLAIS (MORNING ON THE PROMENADE DESANGLAIS)

估價 2,000,000 — 3,000,000美元

成交價 (含買家佣金) 1,986,500美元

Signed E. Munch and dated 1891 (lower right)

Oil on canvas

25 1/2 by 41 3/4 in.

65 by 106 cm

Painted in 1891.

IMPRESSIONIST & MODERN ART EVENING SALE

11月2日 | 下午 7:00 EDT紐約

來源

(possibly) Fredrik Arentz

Hammerlungs Kunsthandel (1955)

Samuel G. Yulke, New York (1959)

Shoneman Gallery, New York

Galerie Wilhelm Grosshennig, Dusseldorf (acquired from theabove on June 13, 1960)

Wihelm Reinold, Hamburg (acquired from the above in1962)

Private Collection (by descent from the above and sold:Christie"s, London, February 2, , lot 7)

Verner Åmell ()

Sale: Bruun Rasmussen, Copenhagen, October 09, , lot12

Acquired by the present owner in

展览历史

Kristiania, Tostrupgarden, Edvard Munch, 1892, no. 27

Berlin, Verein Berliner Kunstler; Berlin, Equitable Palast;Copenhagen, Georg Kleis Kunsthandel; Brelau, Lichtenberg; Dresden,Lichtenberg & Munich, Lichtenberg, Edvard Munch, 1892-93, no.38

(possibly) Stockholm, Galerie Blanche, Edvard Munch, 1894, no.3

Frankfurt am Main, Seinernes Haus, Edvard Munch, 1962-63, no.8, illustrated in the catalogue

London, Marlborough Fine Art, Edvard Munch/Emil Nolde, TheRelationship of their Art, 1969, no. 3

Basel, Fondation Beyeler, Edvard Munch, Zeichen der Moderne,, no. 11

Gerd Woll, Edvard Munch, Complete Paintings, vol. I, London,, no. 221, illustrated in color p. 215

相关文献

Arne Eggum, Edvard Munch, Maierier-Skisser og Studier, Oslo,1983, illustration of the Equitable Palast exhibition in Berlin p.90

Arne Eggum, Munch and Photography, New Haven & London,1989, illustration of the Equitable Palast exhibition in Berlin p.56

Arne Eggum, Munch und die Photographie, Bern, 1991, p.114

Munch et la France (exhibition catalogue), Musée d"Orsay,Paris, 1992, illustrated p. 115

Poul Erik Tojner, Munch, In His Own Words, New York, 2001,discussed pp. 76-77

Petra Pettersen, "Munch a Nizza," L"oro el"azzurro. I colori del sud da Cézanne a Bonnard(exhibition catalogue), Treviso, , p. 192

Gerd Woll, Edvard Munch, Complete Paintings, vol. I, London,, no. 221, illustrated in color p. 215

阴山工作室

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