三子棋

目录

三子棋

一、问题介绍

二、实现思路

三、实现流程

1.创建游戏菜单

2.初始化棋盘

3.打印棋盘

4.玩家下棋

5.电脑下棋

6.判断游戏胜利

7.游戏函数和主调函数

四、代码总览

五、代码注意事项

一、问题介绍

三子棋，在民间又叫井字棋。因为人们在游玩时常常不画棋盘的边框，正如汉字中的“井”字，多称为“井字棋”。

三子棋的游戏规则十分的简单：

在3×3的棋盘双方轮流下棋（先手一般的棋子为“X”，后手为“O”），当有一方所下的棋子连成一条直线即为胜利！

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二、实现思路

创建游戏菜单初始化棋盘打印棋盘玩家下棋（判断是否胜利）电脑下棋（判断是否胜利）游戏结束

三、实现流程

1.创建游戏菜单

//菜单函数void menu(void){printf("|---------------|\n");printf("|--- 1.START ---|\n"); printf("|--- 0.EXIT ---|\n");printf("|---------------|\n");}

1.开始游戏 0.退出游戏

2.初始化棋盘

使用全局变量创建3×3的棋盘

使用全局变量的原因：

后续修改棋盘大小更为便捷代码可读性加强

//定义行、列#define ROW 3#define COL 3

//初始化棋盘函数void InitChessBoard(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){//把数组中每个元素初始化为空格Board[i][j] = ' ';}}}

3.打印棋盘

在这里，为了后续棋盘的大小方便改变，将分割行分别打印

//打印棋盘函数void DisplayChessBoard(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){//打印“ 字符 | 字符 | 字符 ”printf(" %c ", Board[i][j]);if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}//打印完一行之后换行printf("\n");if (i <row-1){//打印“---|---|---”for (j = 0; j < row; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}}//打印完一行之后换行printf("\n");}}

4.玩家下棋

玩家需通过输入[1，3]区间内的数字来落子“x”

当玩家输入超出棋盘大小的坐标时，提醒玩家输入坐标错误并重新输入当玩家输入已被占用的棋盘坐标时，提醒玩家输入坐标错误并重新输入

//玩家下棋函数void PlayerMove(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int x = 0;int y = 0;while (1){printf("player(行 列):>");//玩家输入坐标scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){//玩家输入区间为[1, 3]if (Board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' '){Board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'x';break;}else{printf("该坐标已被占用，请重新输入！\a\n\n");}}else{printf("输入坐标非法，请重新输入!\a\n\n");}}}

5.电脑下棋

电脑下棋需要使用生成随机数种子，并且保证电脑在空的坐标上落子

在主调函数中使用生成随机数函数，确保生成的随机数为随机：

srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//time的函数返回类型是time_t//在这里使用强制转换类型(unsigned int)

//电脑下棋函数void ComputerMove(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("computer:\n");while (1){//获取时间随机数x = rand() % row;y = rand() % col;if (Board[x][y] == ' '){Board[x][y] = 'o';break;}}}

6.判断游戏胜利

在这一步我们需要定义两个函数：

IsWin函数（判断是否胜利）IsFull函数（判断棋盘是否下满）

我们约定当返回“x”时玩家胜利

返回“o”时电脑胜利

返回“q”时代表平局

返回“c”时代表棋盘未被填满游戏继续

//判断是否胜利函数char IsWin(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;//判断行for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (Board[i][0] == Board[i][1]&& Board[i][1] == Board[i][2]&& Board[i][1] != ' '){return Board[i][1];}}//判断列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){if (Board[0][i] == Board[1][i]&& Board[1][i] == Board[2][i]&& Board[1][i] != ' '){return Board[1][i];}}//判断对角线"\"if (Board[0][0] == Board[1][1]&& Board[1][1] == Board[2][2]&& Board[1][1] != ' '){return Board[1][1];}//判断对角线"/"if (Board[0][2] == Board[1][1]&& Board[1][1] == Board[2][0]&& Board[1][1] != ' '){return Board[1][1];}//检查棋盘是否填满if (IsFull == 1){//返回平局return 'q';}//返回继续return 'c';}

//判断棋盘是否被填满函数int IsFull(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for(i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (Board[i][j] == ' ')return 0;}}return 1;}

7.游戏函数和主调函数

//游戏实现函数void Game(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){InitChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);while (1){PlayerMove(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) != 'c')break;ComputerMove(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) != 'c')break;}if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) == 'x')printf("PLAYER WIN!\n\n");else if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) == 'o')printf("COMPUTER WIN!\n\n");elseprintf("平局！\n\n");}

//主调函数int main(void){srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));char Board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };int input = 0;do{menu();printf("please enter:>");scanf("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:printf("GAME START\n");Game(Board, ROW, COL);break;case 0:printf("GAME EXIT\n\a");break;default:printf("ERROR!\n\a");}} while (input);return 0;}

四、代码总览

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1//程序所需头文件#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <time.h>//定义行、列#define ROW 3#define COL 3//菜单函数void menu(void){printf("|---------------|\n");printf("|--- 1.START ---|\n"); printf("|--- 0.EXIT ---|\n");printf("|---------------|\n");}//初始化棋盘函数void InitChessBoard(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){Board[i][j] = ' ';}}}//打印棋盘函数void DisplayChessBoard(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for (i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){printf(" %c ", Board[i][j]);if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}printf("\n");//打印完一行之后换行if (i <row-1){for (j = 0; j < row; j++){printf("---");if (j < col - 1){printf("|");}}}printf("\n");}}//玩家下棋函数void PlayerMove(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int x = 0;int y = 0;while (1){printf("player(行 列):>");//玩家输入坐标scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col){//玩家输入区间为[1, 3]if (Board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' '){Board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'x';break;}else{printf("该坐标已被占用，请重新输入！\a\n\n");}}else{printf("输入坐标非法，请重新输入!\a\n\n");}}}//电脑下棋函数void ComputerMove(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int x = 0;int y = 0;printf("computer:\n");while (1){//获取时间随机数x = rand() % row;y = rand() % col;if (Board[x][y] == ' '){Board[x][y] = 'o';break;}}}//判断棋盘是否被填满函数int IsFull(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;int j = 0;for(i = 0; i < row; i++){for (j = 0; j < col; j++){if (Board[i][j] == ' ')return 0;}}return 1;}//判断是否胜利函数char IsWin(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){int i = 0;//判断行for (i = 0; i < row; i++){if (Board[i][0] == Board[i][1]&& Board[i][1] == Board[i][2]&& Board[i][1] != ' '){return Board[i][1];}}//判断列for (i = 0; i < col; i++){if (Board[0][i] == Board[1][i]&& Board[1][i] == Board[2][i]&& Board[1][i] != ' '){return Board[1][i];}}//判断对角线"\"if (Board[0][0] == Board[1][1]&& Board[1][1] == Board[2][2]&& Board[1][1] != ' '){return Board[1][1];}//判断对角线"/"if (Board[0][2] == Board[1][1]&& Board[1][1] == Board[2][0]&& Board[1][1] != ' '){return Board[1][1];}//检查棋盘是否填满if (IsFull == 1){//返回平局return 'q';}//返回继续return 'c';}//游戏实现函数void Game(char Board[ROW][COL], int row, int col){InitChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);while (1){PlayerMove(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) != 'c')break;ComputerMove(Board, ROW, COL);DisplayChessBoard(Board, ROW, COL);if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) != 'c')break;}if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) == 'x')printf("PLAYER WIN!\n\n");else if (IsWin(Board, ROW, COL) == 'o')printf("COMPUTER WIN!\n\n");elseprintf("平局！\n\n");}//主调函数int main(void){srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));char Board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };int input = 0;do{menu();printf("please enter:>");scanf("%d", &input);switch (input){case 1:printf("GAME START\n");Game(Board, ROW, COL);break;case 0:printf("GAME EXIT\n\a");break;default:printf("ERROR!\n\a");}} while (input);return 0;}

五、代码注意事项

程序中哪里需要使用循环，哪里不需要使用循环应仔细分清Game()函数中，每当玩家下棋或是电脑下棋都需要判断是否胜利